102.reason 和cause
　　The ____ of the big fire was his carelessness.
　　A.reason B.cause C.causing D.reasoning
解答：B。reason強(qiáng)調(diào)一種推理的理由，而cause是指導(dǎo)致某件事情發(fā)生的人或事。

　　103.when while 與 as
　　1,when表示“當(dāng)……的時(shí)候”。從句中既可用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，又可用非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，這些動(dòng)詞既可以表示動(dòng)作，又可表示狀態(tài)。從句中的動(dòng)作既可和主句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，又可在主句的動(dòng)作之前或之后發(fā)生。如：
　　When I came into the room, I found him lying there asleep.
　　Mary was having dinner when I saw her.
　　When you meet a word you don''t know, consult the dictionary.
　　She was beautiful when she was a girl.
　　如果when從句的主語與主句主語相同，謂語又是be動(dòng)詞，從句主語和be可以省略：當(dāng)when從句主語與主句主語相同時(shí)，用when加分詞可以替代狀語從句。如：
　　When（you are）in trouble, ask her for help.
　　When（I was）sleeping, I never heard a thing.

　　2，as
　　(1)表示"當(dāng)……時(shí)"、"和……同時(shí)"。常指從句的動(dòng)作未結(jié)束，主句中的動(dòng)作就已發(fā)生。從句中多用表示動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞，而不用be動(dòng)詞或表示感覺、理解、知道這類動(dòng)詞。
　　As he stood there, he saw two men enter the bar.
　　She dropped the glass as she stood up.
　　As I was walking down the street, an American asked me for directions to the nearest station.
　　(2)用于平行的動(dòng)作中，表示"一面……一面……"。常指一個(gè)主語同時(shí)進(jìn)行兩個(gè)動(dòng)作。如：
　　He sang as he worked.
　　The students took notes as they listened.

　　3,While表示"在……的時(shí)候"、"在……期間"。它強(qiáng)調(diào)主句的動(dòng)作與從句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生或主句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在從句的動(dòng)作過程中。While從句中必須是表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。如：
　　Never get on or off a bus while it is in motion.
　　The weather was fine while we were in Beijing.
　　She called while I was out.