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ADHD Drugs Don't Boost Kids' Grades,The Wall Street Journaly,July 8th,2013
治療多動癥的藥物不能提高孩子的學習成績，華爾街日報，2013年7月8日
It's no longer shocking to hear of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorders
那些患有注意力缺乏多動障礙的孩子，會在學校大考時，
and others simply facing a big test—taking ADHD medicine to boost their performance in school.
服用治療多動癥的藥物來提高成績，人們對此已經見怪不怪了。
But new studies point to a problem: There's little evidence that the drugs actually improve academic outcomes.
但新的研究表明：缺少足夠的證據證明藥物真能提高學習成績。
Children with ADHD not taking stimulants did far worse than kids taking medication in tasks
從聽到和看到的畫報故事中記憶場景，在這一測試中，
that involved remembering scenes from a story they both heard and saw illustrated.
服用藥物的孩子要比沒有服藥的孩子做得好。
Kids taking medication did just as well as control children without ADHD，
據四月發表在《生物化學和行為藥理學》雜志上的研究顯示：
according to the study published in April in the journal Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior.
服用藥物的孩子和對照組那些沒有多動癥的孩子做得一樣好。
But the effects largely don't seem to translate into the classroom，especially in the long run.
但這一效果很大程度上似乎未能實現在課堂上，尤其是從長遠來看。
In one major，U. S. government-funded study known as the MTA that looked at the long term effects of ADHD treatment，
美國政府資助了一項稱之為MTA的大型項目，用于研究多動癥治療的長期影響，
579 children with the condition were randomized to one of three different kinds of treatment or a control group for 14 months.
579名患有多動癥的兒童被隨機分成三種不同類型的治療組和對照組，該研究持續14個月。
For the first year of the study，
在研究開始的第一年，
the 8 and 9-year old children who received medication and a combination treatment
八九歲左右的接受單一和聯合治療的孩子
saw greater improvements in ADHD symptoms than the other two groups.
與其他兩組相比，在多動癥狀上有很大改善。
Kids taking medicine also exhibited some improvement in educational outcomes in that first year
服用藥物的孩子在第一年學習成績也有所提高。
But any benefit of the drug on symptoms dissipated by Year Three.
但這些好的效果在第三年就都不再有了。
Other studies have shown that kids who take ADHD medication and study early for an exam tend to do just as well,
還有研究表明，服用藥物并提前備考，效果跟沒有患多動癥的孩子比，
if not better, than kids without ADHD.
就算不比他們更好，至少也是差不多的。
But those who take medication and study at the last minute don't do any better.
那些服用藥物但只在快考試的時候才復習準備的，效果并不好。
Together, these findings suggest that medication alone isn't enough to improve academic performance.
以上這些結果表明，單獨的藥物治療不足以提高學習成績。
The medicine may help with focus, but it doesn't help with deciding what to focus on, experts say.
專家說，藥物可以幫助提高注意力，但它不能決定集中注意力關注什么。
Rather, it needs to be coupled with skills training, such as learning how to organize or prioritize.Thank you.
相反，服用藥物并輔助相應的技能訓練，如計劃組織或排序，才會有效果。謝謝。
