雅思寫作考官范文 A類 Task1(地圖題) 第2期:the Hawaiian island chain

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The Hawaiian island chain, in the centre of the Pacific Ocean, is approximately 2,700 km in length. It is formed of volcanoes and the active ones are at the south-east tip of the archipelago, where Hawaii itself is located.

It is believed that the chain began to form nearly 80 million years ago. Each island started to evolve after an eruption on the sea floor. First, a `hot spot' existed on the ocean bed, which let out a plume of material called magma. This magma may originate as deep as 2,883km below the ocean bed. Next, further eruptions took place, which built up the volcano. Eventually, it emerged above the surface of the ocean.

Since that time, the spume of magma has remained static as the Pacific tectonic plate moves in a north-west direction across it at a speed of 7-9cm per year. As it moves, a volcano forms as it passes over the hotspot and then become inactive when it has passed it.

(164 words)

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pacific	[pə'sifik]	想一想再看 n. 太平洋 adj. 太平洋的 p	聯想記憶 X 單詞pacific 聯想記憶： pac和平+ific表形容詞，“產生…的”→和平的
eventually	[i'ventjuəli]	想一想再看 adv. 終于，最后
static	['stætik]	想一想再看 adj. 靜態的，靜力的，靜止的，靜電的 n.	聯想記憶 X 單詞static 聯想記憶： stat站+ic表形容詞，“…的”→靜態的
lecturer	['lektʃərə]	想一想再看 n. 演講者，講師
minutes	['minits]	想一想再看 n. 會議記錄，(復數)分鐘
diagram	['daiəgræm]	想一想再看 n. 圖解，圖表 vt. 用圖解法表示	聯想記憶 X 單詞diagram 聯想記憶： dia交叉+gram寫，圖→交叉畫圖，文法圖解，圖表
originate	[ə'ridʒineit]	想一想再看 vt. 發起 vi. 開始 [計算機	聯想記憶 X 單詞originate 聯想記憶： orig升起，開始+in→[生命]開始→起源；出身+ate→起源，發生
eruption	[i'rʌpʃən]	想一想再看 n. 爆發，噴發，出疹，長牙	聯想記憶 X 單詞eruption 聯想記憶： erupt爆發+ion→爆發
evolve	[i'vɔlv]	想一想再看 v. 進展，進化，展開	聯想記憶 X 單詞evolve 聯想記憶： e出，volve卷，轉－轉出來－發展；進化
approximately	[ə'prɔksimitli]	想一想再看 adv. 近似地，大約