在雅思閱讀中，動詞不定式是一個很難理解的地方，尤其是在關于文章的中心內容的時候?，F在新東方網雅思頻道就為大家詳細解析一下雅思閱讀中的動詞不定式，希望對大家的閱讀理解有所幫助。

　　1)雅思閱讀動詞不定式的構成：(以動詞“do”為例)

　　主動態：一般式"to do";完成式"to have done";進行式"to be doing";完成進行式“to have been doing”

　　被動態：一般式"to be done";完成式“ to have been done"

　　否定式：not+不定式

　　2)雅思閱讀不定式的時態：

　　①不定式的一般式表示的動作與主句謂語動詞表示的動作同時發生或之后發生。

　　He seems to know her address.(：=It seems that he knows her address.)

　　I hope to see you again.(=I hope that I’11 see you again.)

　?、诓欢ㄊ降倪M行體表示的動作正在進行，與主句謂語動詞表示的動作同時發生。其用法主要有以下幾種情況：

　　a 常用在"appear，happen，pretend，seem，hope，promise"之后。

　　She pretended to be listening attentively.

　　Tom appeared to be living in this area.

　　I hope to be earning my living in a year’s time.(I hope 1 will/would be earning my living)

　　I promised to be waiting at the door when he came out.

　　b 常用在"believe，consider，suppose，think，know，report，say，understand"等動詞的被動式之后。

　　He is thought/known/believed/said/supposed to be living in this area = People think/know/ believe/ say/suppose that she is living abroad.[據認為(據知，據信，據說，據猜測)她住在國外。]

　　[注]“be supposed to”通常含有“應該”意思，表示一定的責任和義務，在雅思閱讀中出現的很多。

　　You are supposed to know how to use a computer=You should know how to use a computer.

　　You are supposed to have been studying=You should have been studying.

　　Students are not supposed to cook in their dormitory=Students shouldn’t cook in their dormitory.

　　3)雅思閱讀不定式的表達主題：

　　①用于表達發生在主句謂語動詞之前的動作或狀態，也可以表達預計在將來某一時刻之前完成的動作或狀態。

　　I am sorry to have given you so much trouble.(=I am sorry that I have given you so much trouble.)

　　We’re leaving at five o’clock in the morning，and hope to have done most of the journey by lunchtime.

　　②不定式完成進行體主要用于“appear，seem，happen，pretend"等之后，也可用于"believe，know，report，say，understand"等動詞的被動式之后。

　　He appears to have been waiting for a long time.

　　He is believed to have been waiting for a message.

　　[注]不定式的完成進行式與不定式的完成式略有不同，試比較：

　　He seems to have eaten the apples.(蘋果已被吃光。)

　　He seems to have been eating the apples.(蘋果尚未完全吃光。)

　?、鄄欢ㄊ降耐瓿审w還可以表達本該發生卻未發生的事情常帶這種不定式的謂語動詞有：“pretend，intend， appear，seem，should like，expect"等。

　　I meant to have telephoned you，but I forgot.

　　4)雅思閱讀不定式的語態：

　?、僭诓欢ㄊ街澳苷业讲欢ㄊ剿磉_的動作的執行者時，此不定式用主動態;反之則用被動態。被動態在雅思閱讀中出現的時候都是比較難以理解的時候。試比較：

　　We found the article hard to understand.(“understand”的執行者是“we”.)

　　He is reading the article to be published tomorrow.(“punish"之前沒有執行者。)

　　②有時動作執行者(for sb.)不出現，也要用主動態。It is easy to do.(“It”既是主語，又是“do”的賓語，“to do”前省略了“for sb.”)

　　類似的還有：It is impossible to get there.

　?、墼?quot;there be"結構中，不定式既可以用主動態，又可以用被動態。

　　There is no time to lose/to be lost.(時間緊迫不能耽誤了。前后意義無差別。)

　　There b nothing to do/to be done.(沒事可干/無能為力。前后意義有差別。)

　?、芰晳T上用“to let(出租)”，“to blame(責怪)”的主動形式表示被動意義。

　　Nobody was to blame for the accident.(這場事故不能怪任何人。)

　　Tom asked her if she had any rooms to let.(湯姆問她是否有房要出租。)

　　在雅思閱讀中，動詞不定式的出現一般都會伴隨著考題，所以大家可以在平時的練習中就予以關注，只有在平時的時候熟悉了，才能在雅思閱讀考試的時候順利的理解。