寫(xiě)作作為一項(xiàng)對(duì)大多數(shù)中國(guó)考生來(lái)說(shuō)較難的科目,它的難度主要體現(xiàn)在以下三個(gè)方面:文章結(jié)構(gòu)的合理安排,論證內(nèi)容有邏輯的擴(kuò)展,語(yǔ)言多樣準(zhǔn)確的使用。缺少其中任何一項(xiàng)都有可能使文章得不到高分。很多參加過(guò)考試的考生反映在考場(chǎng)上時(shí)間相當(dāng)?shù)木o,就算掌握了大量的高分詞匯句型,對(duì)結(jié)構(gòu)非常熟悉,還是無(wú)用武之地,因?yàn)閿U(kuò)展不出素材。
針對(duì)這種現(xiàn)象,朗閣海外考試研究中心寫(xiě)作組專(zhuān)家做了一下總結(jié),絕大多數(shù)雅思大作文話題都可以通過(guò)以下幾個(gè)方面進(jìn)行擴(kuò)展(簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng)論據(jù)擴(kuò)展十二大法則),現(xiàn)列舉如下:經(jīng)濟(jì)( economy )、就業(yè)( employment )、時(shí)間( time )、空間( space )、心理( psychology )、生理( physiology )、環(huán)境( environment )、教育( education )、文化( culture )、科技( technology )、情感( emotion )和個(gè)人權(quán)利( human right )。
在此,朗閣雅思專(zhuān)家將通過(guò)列舉一些例題來(lái)印證這十二大法則的實(shí)戰(zhàn)性。
Some people think tobacco should be made illegal in the same way as other drugs because the products containing it are addictive. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion?
通過(guò)審題,此題問(wèn)是否同意煙草行業(yè)被取締。同意則要列舉煙草的一系列缺點(diǎn),反之不同意,可列舉其優(yōu)點(diǎn)。我們馬上來(lái)看看十二大法則,當(dāng)然不是每一項(xiàng)都應(yīng)用,但是大多數(shù)都可以適用。
Advantages
經(jīng)濟(jì): revenue-rising for the country and businessmen concerning this arena,
就業(yè): offer the opportunities of employment in various fronts, including manufacturing, transporting, selling, governing, for residents
時(shí)間: killing the time
心理: relieve one’s pressure
文化: forming / shaping cigar culture
Disadvantages
經(jīng)濟(jì): money-consuming for smokers
生理: be addictive to it,
harmful to smokers’ health, leading to lung cancer
環(huán)境: air pollution
potential hazard of fire
空間: passive smoking / second-hand smoking
情感: be overly-dependent on smoking
用了上述辦法,擴(kuò)展出來(lái)的論據(jù)就能更加全面,有條理。 下面我們?cè)倭信e一個(gè)題目,來(lái)做 brainstorming 。
Many people are optimistic about the 21st century and see it as an opportunity to make positive changes to the world. To what extent do you agree or disagree with their optimism?
通過(guò)審題,此題無(wú)非就是我們 21 世紀(jì)是利大于弊還是弊大于利,所以只要列舉 21 世紀(jì)發(fā)展的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)就可以了。我將通過(guò)之前介紹的十二大法則來(lái)進(jìn)行素材的擴(kuò)展。