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To understand how we hear and how some common problems occur, it helps to understand ear anatomy. Your ear canal is connected to the tympanic membrane or ear drum which senses sound waves entering your ear. Inside the ear canal, wax is created to remove dust particles from the air before they reach the tympanic membrane. But wax build-up can also prevent sound waves from reaching it.
為了理解我們是如何聽到聲音的以及一引起常見疾病是如何發生的，了解耳朵的解剖會有幫助。耳道連接到鼓膜，鼓膜能感受到進入你耳朵的聲音。在耳道內部有耳垢，耳垢可以阻止空氣中的微塵到達耳膜。但是耳垢堆積也可以阻止聲波到達耳膜。
Using a Q-tip can push the wax in deeper and worsen the problem.When sound waves do reach the tympanic membrane, it vibrates, which causes small bones in the middle of your ear called the ossicles to shake. They may be blocked from moving if infection in your middle ear causes a build-up fluid and bulging of the tympanic membrane.
用棉簽（掏耳朵）會將耳垢推得更深，使問題更嚴重。當聲波到達鼓膜后，鼓膜振動，導致中耳中叫做聽小骨的小骨頭晃動。如果你的中耳有積液并且積液使鼓膜鼓起，這同樣也會阻礙聽小骨晃動。
The motion of the inner ear bones produces pressure waves which set in motion tiny hair fibers in the inner ear or cochlea. The inner ear hairs convert their motion into electrical signals, which are carried to the part of the brain that perceives sound.Listening to loud music can shear the hair cells so that they tear and shrivel. This is a primary cause of hearing loss especially when there is too much noise in the environment.
內耳中骨的震動產生壓力波，使內耳或叫做耳蝸中的微纖毛振動。這些纖毛將它們的振動轉化為電信號，傳送到大腦中覺察聲音的部位。聽高分貝的音樂可以使纖毛折斷，造成纖毛撕裂和萎縮。這是聽力喪失的主要原因，尤其是當環境中太多的噪音時。
