Not every woman undergoes a traditional vaginal delivery with the birth of her child. Under conditions of fetal or maternal distress, or in the case of breech presentation (when a baby is turned feet first at the time of delivery), or if the woman's first baby was born by cesarean delivery, a procedure called a cesarean section may be required.
并不是每個產婦都經歷傳統的經陰道產。在胎兒患病或者母體危急的情況下，或者臀先露的情況下（分娩時先看到胎兒的下肢），或者產婦的第一個孩子需要剖腹產生時，這時就需要一個叫做剖腹產術的步驟。
During a cesarean, a doctor will make either a lateral incision in the skin just above the pubic hair line, or a vertical incision below the navel. As the incision is made, blood vessels are cauterized to slow bleeding. After cutting through the skin, fat, and muscle of the abdomen, the membrane that covers the internal organs is opened, exposing the bladder and uterus. At this time the physician will generally insert his or her hands into the pelvis in order to determine the position of the baby and the placenta.
剖宮產時，醫生或者在恥骨(陰毛線)上方的皮膚上做一個橫向切口，或者在肚臍下做一個垂直切口。切口做好后，電燒止血。在切開皮膚、脂肪、腹壁肌肉后，覆蓋內部器官的膜被打開，暴露出膀胱和子宮。這時，醫生通常把手伸入骨盆來確定胎兒和胎盤的位置。
Next, an incision is made into the uterus and any remaining fluids are suctioned from the uterus. The doctor then enlarges the incision with his or her fingers. The baby's head is then grasped and gently pulled with the rest of its body from the mother's uterus.Finally, the abdominal layers are sewn together in the reverse order that they were cut. The mother is allowed to recover for approximately three to five days in the hospital. She will also be quite sore and restricted from activity for the following several weeks.There are several potential complications associated with this procedure that should be discussed with a doctor prior to surgery.
下一步，在子宮上做一個切口，余下的液體從子宮里吸出。醫生用手指擴大切口，抓住胎頭，輕輕地將胎身從母體的子宮拉出。最后，腹壁各層按照跟切開時相反的順序縫合好。產婦需要在醫院恢復大概3到5天。在接下來的幾周產婦也會感到十分疼痛，活動也會受限。手術會出現潛在的并發癥，手術前應當和醫生討論。
來源:可可英語 http://www.ccdyzl.cn/hangye/201510/406204.shtml
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