1.specialist n．專家(one who specializes in a particular occupation);a．專業的(professional)
詞根記憶：來自special(a．專業的)
例：If each type of specialist evolved just once, similar specialists on different islands would be closely related.
同根詞：specific(a．特殊的：明確的)
2.specialization n．特殊化(making or becoming specialized)
詞根記憶：來自special(a．特殊的：專門的)
例：Both of these scenarios imply that specialization to each niche occurred only once. Alternatively, each specialist could have arisen independently on each of the islands.
同根詞：specialist(n．專家；a．專業的)
3.specialize v.(in)專門從事(to concentrate one's efforts on a special activity, field, or practice)
詞根記憶：來自special(a．特別的，特殊的)
例：The firm specializes in the analysis of handwriting.
派生詞：specialization(n.專門化：特殊化)；specialized(a.專門的)
4.species n.物種（group of animals or plants within a genus differing only in minor details from the others, and able to breed with each other but not with other groups)
詞根記憶：speci(種)+es--物種
例：Some species become extinct because of accumulated gradual changes in their local environments.
5.specific a．具體的(explicit)；詳細而精確的(accurate)；特殊的(special)
詞根記憶：speci(種)+fic--按種類說明--具體的
例：specific reasons具體原因，，Complement(血清中的補體)will not work unless it is activated by a specific antibody.
派生詞：specifically( ad.明確地；清楚地)
6.specify v.詳細說明(to state explicitly or in detail)
詞根記憶：speci(種)+fy（使…）--使每一種都清楚--詳細說明
例：The investigative report didn't specify how caffeine is lost in the manufacturing process.
派生詞：specifically( ad.特定地；明確地)：specification(n.規格：說明)
7.specimen n．樣品：標本(instance)
詞根記憶：speci(種)+men--種類--樣品
例：a fossil specimen化石標本
8.specious a．華而不實的：似是而非的(having deceptive attraction or allure)
例：This is a specious argument.
9.spectacular a．壯觀的，壯麗的(striking, sensational)
詞根記憶：spect(看)+acular--吸引入看的--壯觀的
例：We saw a spectacular sunrise while we were camping.