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C
Kong Zi, also called Confucius (551—479B.C.), and socrates (469—399 B.C.) lived only a hundred years apart, and during their lifetimes there was no contact between China and Greece, but it is interesting to look at how the world that each of these great philosophers came from shaped their ideas, and how these ideas in turn, shaped their societies.
Neither philosopher lived in times of peace, though there were more wars un Greece than in China. The Chinese states were very large and feudal, while the Greek city-states were small and urban. The urban environment in which Socrates lived allowed him to be more radical than Confucius. Unlike Confucius, Socrates was not asked by rules how to govern effectively. Thus, Socrates was able to be more idealistic, focusing on issues like freedom, and knowledge for its own sake. Confucius, on the other hand, advised those in government service, and many of his students went out to government service.
Confucius suggested the Golden Rule as a principle for the conduct of life: "Do not do to others what you would not want others to do to you. " He assumed that all men were equal at birth, though some bad more potential than others, and that it was knowledge that set men apart. Socrates focused on the individual, and thought that the greatest purpose of man was to seek wisdom. He believed that the superior class should rule the inferior (下層的) classes.
For Socrates, the family was of no importance, and the community of little concern. For Confucius, however, the family was the centre of the society, with family relations considered much more important than political relations.
Both men are respected much more today than they were in their lifetimes.
64. Which of the following is TURE according to the first paragraph?
A.Socrates and Confucius had much in common,
B.Confucius had much influence on Socrates’ ideas.
C.The societies ware influenced by the philosophers’ ideas.
D.There were cultural exchanges between China and Greece.
65. Socrates shared with Confucius the idea that ________.
A.all men were equal when they were born
B.the lower classed should be ruled by the upper class
C.the purpose of man was to seek freedom and wisdom
66. What made some people different from others according to Confucius?
A.Family. B.Potential. C.Knowledge. D.Community.
67. This passage is organized in the pattern of ________.
A.time and events B.comparison and contrast
C.cause and effect D.definition and classification
D
Modern inventions have speeded up people's loves amazingly. Motor-cars cover a hundred miles in little more than an hour, aircraft cross the world inside a day, while computers operate at lightning speed. Indeed, this love of speed seems never-ending. Every year motor-cars are produced which go even faster and each new computer boats (吹噓) of saving precious seconds in handling tasks.
All this saves time, but at a price. When we lose or gain half a day in speeding across the world in an airplane, our bodies tell us so. We get the uncomfortable feeling known as jet-lag; our bodies feel that they have been left behind on another time zone. Again, spending too long at computers results in painful wrists and fingers. Mobile phones also have their dangers, according to some scientist; too much use may transmit harmful radiation into our brains, a consequence we do not like to think about.
However, what do we do with the time we have saved? Certainly not relax, or so it seems. We are so accustomed constant activity that we find it difficult to sit and do nothing or even just one thing at a time. Perhaps the days are long gone when we might listen quietly to a story on the radio, letting imagination take us into another world.
There was a time when some people's lives were devoted simply to the cultivation of the land or the care of cattle. No multi-tasking there; their lives went on at a much gentler pace, and in a familiar pattern. There is much that we might envy about a way of life like this. Yet before we do so, we must think of the hard tasks our ancestor faced: they farmed with bare hands, often lived close to hunger, and had to fashion tools from wood and stone. Modern machinery has freed people from that primitive existence.
68. The new products become more and more time-saving because ________.
A.our love of speed seems never-ending
B.time is limited.
C.the prices are increasingly high.
D.the manufactures boast a lot.
69. What does "the days" in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A.Imaginary life B.Simple life in the past.
C.Times of inventions D.Time for constant activity.
70. What is the author's attitude towards the modern technology?
A.Critical B.Objective.
C.Optimistic. D.Negative.
71. What does the passage mainly discuss?
A.The present and past times.
B.Machinery and human beings.
C.Imaginations and inventions.
D.Modern technology and its influence.
