評論
打印
Recording 1
錄音1
Dating from as far back as the 12th century, they are claimed to be the rarest historic buildings in western Europe.
這些建筑可以追溯到12世紀，它們被認為是西歐最罕見的歷史建筑。
These buildings offer vital insight into Scandinavia's Viking past.
它們為了解斯堪的納維亞的維京人的歷史提供了重要的視角。
But now, with only 30 wooden churches remaining and their condition deteriorating, experts are working to preserve the structures for future generations.
不過現在，這些建筑只剩下30座木質教堂且情況正在惡化，專家們正努力為了子孫后代而保護這些建筑。
Some of these spectacular churches are no more than small buildings, barely 4 meters wide and 6 meters tall.
其中的一些壯觀的教堂也不過是些面積較小的建筑，寬只有4米，高只有6米。
Others are much larger structures. They soar up to 40 meters into the cold air.
其他建筑的結構則相對較大，仰天矗立直達40米高的冷空氣之中。
Most consist of timber frames that rest on stone blocks. This means that they have no foundations.
大部分的建筑坐落在石塊上、由木架構成，這說明它們沒有地基。
Although many of the churches appear from the outside to be complex structures, they normally feature only a single storey but numerous different roof levels.
很多教堂雖然表面看上去結構復雜，但通常它們只有一層且屋頂高度參差不同。
Staff from the Norwegian government have carried out conservation work on 10 of the churches over the past two years.
在過去的兩年里，挪威政府的工作人員已經對其中的10座教堂做了保護性工作。
Most of these churches date from between the 12th and 14th centuries. Other churches were conserved in previous years.
這些教堂大多建于12至14世紀之間，其他的一些教堂則在前幾年便已被保護下來。
So far, specialists have worked to add preservative materials to the churches' exteriors.
目前為止，專家們已經在教堂外部涂上了防腐材料。
They also replaced rotting roots and halted the sinking of the churches into the ground.
他們還換掉了腐爛的樹根，阻止教堂下沉到地下。
In two cases, huge machines have been used to lift the buildings up to 30 centimeters into the air.
在兩個案例中，已經使用了巨型機器將建筑物提升到30厘米的高度。
This was accomplished so that the team could examine and repair the churches' original medieval stone blocks.
提升完成之后小組便能夠檢查和修復教堂原本的中世紀石塊。
The team plans to return to around a dozen of the buildings to assess progress and consider further action.
該小組計劃返回大約12座建筑以評估進展并考慮進一步的行動。
The earliest free-standing wooden church was probably built in Norway in around 1080.
最早的獨立木制教堂建于大概1080年前后的挪威。
However, the largest known wooden churches were built from the 1130s onwards.
然而，最大的木制教堂是在1130年代之后建造的。
This period was one of inter-elite rivalry, in which nobles sought to increase their influence by funding the construction of churches and other buildings.
這一時期是掌權人物之間競爭的時期之一，貴族們通過資助建造教堂和其他建筑來擴大自己的影響力。
The reason for constructing the buildings from wood is probably that
用木材來建造這些建筑大概是因為
ideally proportioned straight and slender timber was available in large quantities in Scandinavia's vast pine forests.
在斯堪的納維亞廣闊的松林中，有大量細長的、筆直的木材可供選擇。
As wood was so plentiful, it was cheaper to use than the stone used in the buildings of other European cultures.
由于木材太過豐富，所以使用木材比使用其他歐洲文化建筑中使用的石頭要更便宜。
The area's ship building tradition, partly established by the Vikings, also meant that sophisticated carpentry was a major aspect of the local culture.
該地區的造船傳統從某種程度上來說是由維京人創立的，這也意味著復雜的木工是當地文化的主要方面。
The complex style of the medieval wooden church carvings and the skills used to make them almost certainly to derive from the ancient Viking tradition.
中世紀木制教堂雕刻的復雜風格和制作技巧幾乎可以肯定源于古代維京人的傳統。
16. What does the speaker say about the Viking wooden churches?
16. 關于維京木制教堂，敘述者講了什么？
17. What is special about most of the Viking wooden churches?
17. 大多的維京的木制教堂有什么特別之處？
18. Why were the Viking churches constructed from wood?
18. 為什么維京人的教堂是用木頭建造的？
