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Passage Two
Mountains are about one-fifth of the world's land surface area. (13) Mountains are a very important part of the earth's ecology and environment. They contain important eco-systems, such as forests. They provide the most important resources for about one-tenth of the world’s population. Mountains also provide goods and services to more than half the people in the world.
Melting snow from mountains provides water for hundreds of millions of people. For example, the Himalayan Mountains supply drinking water for the people of India. Mountains are also important areas for winter sports. Millions of people visit countries in Europe to ski down mountains every year.
Mountains are important to the world. (14) But there are problems, involving mountains in many places. People who live in mountain areas are usually poor. There is often very little economic activity in these areas. Mountain environments are sometimes not supervised very well. When this, happens, eco-systems, supporting plants and animals suffer.
In some areas, too many trees are cut down. When it rains heavily, water can rush down the sides of mountains and flood villages and cities. Serious flooding kills many people and animals every year. In addition, earthquakes can cause hillsides to come crashing down in powerful landslides.
(15) The United Nations wants to help more people learn about the importance of mountains as well as their problems. Many activities including research and development projects have been planned for next year. The UN Food and Agriculture Organization is leading this special recognition of mountains.
13. Why are mountains a very important part of the earth's ecology and environment?
14. What are the problems involving mountains?
15. What has the United Nations done to raise people's awareness of the importance of mountains?
文章二
山脈占據地球陸地面積的五分之一。山脈是地球生態和環境的重要組成部分。它包含了重要的生態體系，比如說森林。它們還為地球上約十分之一的人口提供最為重要的資源，并為地球上超過半數的人提供商品和服務。
山脈上的融雪為無數人提供了水源。比如，喜馬拉雅山脈為印度人提供了飲用水源。山脈也是冬季運動的重要地區。每年有數百萬人去歐洲，只為在高山上滑雪。
山脈對世界來說很重要。但是很多地區的山區也存在一些問題。住在山區的人口生活貧困。經濟活動少。山區環境監管不力。出現這些問題時，維持生態系統的植物和動物都會遭殃。
在某些地區，樹木過度砍伐。降雨量較多時，雨水順山體流下，淹沒村莊和城市。每年都會有一些嚴重的洪澇導致人類和動物死亡。此外，地震會引起強大的山體滑坡。
聯合國希望能夠幫助更多的人了解山脈的重要性和它們存在的問題。研究和開發項目在內的很多活動都被計劃在明年開展。聯合國糧農組織領導此次特殊的山脈認知活動。
問題13 為什么山脈是地球生態和環境的重要組成部分？
問題14 山脈有哪些問題？
問題15 聯合國做了哪些事來引起人們對山脈重要性的認識？
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