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It's no secret that any type of tobacco use is not healthy. But, for most people, it's hard to quit. That's because most of them started the habit as teenagers and because tobacco contains nicotine.
"Nicotine is a highly addictive, very powerful drug; teens are likely to use more than one form of tobacco. It could be cigarettes, small cigars, smokeless tobacco. And teens who smoke are likely to use electronic cigarettes, which also deliver nicotine. (23) The more nicotine that you get. The more addicted you are, the more difficult it is for you to quit." said Dr. Kimberly Horn.
There is no one technique for quitting that works for everyone. Some turn to e-cigarettes for help. Cici is hoping electronic cigarettes can help her kick the habit. She said, "After many years of smoking. I really don't like the smell of smoke. I don't like the taste it leaves in my mouth. And I don't like the fact that other people are going to be bothered by the tobacco smoke."
Studies show electronic devices can work for some people, but not for others. Behavioral therapy and medicine, gum and nicotine patches that reduce nicotine cravings might help. Dr. Nancy and other researchers designed a program to help smokers quit while they were in the hospital and stay smoke free after they were discharged. (24) Patients were given a nicotine patch and advice in the hospital with follow-up support after they left. "We know that medication works and that advice works, but they both together work much better than either one alone," Nancy said. Seventy percent of smokers in that program were still smoke-free six months after leaving the hospital.
The U.S. government and private organizations have been running antismoking campaigns since 1964. (25) A study from the Yale School of Public Health found that those who quit during this time period had a 30-percent improvement in the expectation of life.
23. What does Dr. Kimberly Horn think of smoking?
24. What was given to the patients in hospital in Dr. Nancy's program?
25. What happened to those who quit during anti-smoking campaigns?
眾所周知，煙草會(huì)損害人體健康。但是，對(duì)于大多數(shù)人來說，戒煙絕非易事。因?yàn)樗麄兇蠖嗍菑那嗌倌觊_始吸煙的，而且煙草中含有尼古丁。
“尼古丁是一種很容易上癮、藥效很強(qiáng)的物質(zhì)。青少年所吸的煙草更為多樣化。包括香煙、小雪茄、無煙煙草。青少年們也可能會(huì)使用電子香煙，但電子香煙也會(huì)釋放尼古丁。吸入體內(nèi)的尼古丁越多，煙癮越大，就越難戒掉?！苯鸩せ舳鞑┦勘硎?span style="display:none">HExKkfFM0bfeXN
。目前沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)任何有效的戒煙方法。于是有些人開始吸電子香煙。有煙癮的西西希望電子香煙能幫自己戒掉這個(gè)習(xí)慣。她說：“吸了這么多年，我真的厭惡了煙味，不喜歡嘴巴里煙葉的味道，我也討厭因煙味引起他人的反感?！?/p>
研究表明，電子香煙對(duì)某些人或許有用，但并非對(duì)每個(gè)人都有用。行為療法、藥物、口香糖和尼古丁貼片等可降低煙癮者對(duì)尼古丁的渴望。南希醫(yī)生和其他的研究人員研究了一項(xiàng)能幫吸煙者戒煙的計(jì)劃他們會(huì)在醫(yī)院進(jìn)行，且出院后完全可以戒掉?；颊咴卺t(yī)院時(shí)可以得到一個(gè)尼古丁貼片及一些醫(yī)療建議，他們出院后仍可繼續(xù)得到幫助?！八幬锆煼ê妥稍儻煼ǘ加幸欢ǖ某尚?，若兩者結(jié)合起來，其效果比只用一種辦法更為顯著?！蹦舷Ｕf。參與該計(jì)劃的吸煙者中，70%的人出院后的六個(gè)月內(nèi)仍保持著無煙狀態(tài)。
1964年以來，美國政府及一些私人組織不斷地開展禁煙運(yùn)動(dòng)。耶魯大學(xué)公共衛(wèi)生學(xué)院的一項(xiàng)研究表明，在此期間戒煙的人其預(yù)期壽命提高了30%。
問題23. 金伯利·霍恩博士對(duì)吸煙有何看法？
問題24. 南希醫(yī)生的醫(yī)院戒煙計(jì)劃具體是什么？
問題25. 在禁煙運(yùn)動(dòng)期間戒煙的人有何變化？
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