參考答案:
【小題16】D
【小題17】A
【小題18】C
【小題19】C
習題解析:
【小題16】講座開頭講到了工業革命指的是出現在英國 18 世紀末的技術、社會、經濟和文化上的變革,其中特別提到 Before the Industrial Revolution, the production and harvesting of products was completed through manual labor. The Industrial Revolution replaced this manpower with machine power.由此可知,工業革命前,生產和收獲完全是通過人力完成的,而工業革命用機械動力取代了人力
【小題17】講座中提到 1698 年,托馬斯·塞維利發明了蒸汽動力引擎,之后對托馬斯·基維利本人和他的發明做了簡要介紹,提到 Thomas Savery, an engineer and inventor, patented a machine that could effectively draw water from flooded mines using steam pressure.由此可知,托馬斯·塞維利利用蒸汽壓力發明了一個機器用來抽取礦井水,所以第一臺蒸汽動力的引擎是用來抽井水的,故選項 A 為答案 。
【小題18】講座中明確提到 Manchester, for example, due to its cotton mills, became known as Cottonopolis because there were so many factories producing textiles.由此可知,曼徹斯特棉花廠林立,是眾多紡織廠的所在地,故被稱為“棉都” 。故選項 C 為答案 。其他選項內容在講座中并未提及,均排除 。
【小題19】講座中明確提到 Trade unions were also born out of the Industrial Revolution, giving workers rights and freedoms that they had not had in the past.由此可知誕生于工業革命時期的工會能夠給予工人以往不曾有過的權利和自由,故選 C 為答案 。