Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written。

　　Smoking means something different to various cultures. In France, many people smoke. In the winter, it is often difficult to breathe in the cafes because of the tobacco smoke in the air. In Romania, smoking is an acceptable social habit. Women, however, do not smoke on the street. The brand of cigarette a person smokes shows his/her wealth, especially if it is a foreign brand。

　　In Latin American cultures, smoking is very common. Some men think that smoking makes them look more manly. As in other cultures, smoking is a way to socialize and belong。

　　In parts of Asia, tobacco is used in wedding ceremonies and in religious offerings. It is also used in many kinds of occasions. In Cambodia, the bride lights her husband’s cigarette to show her devotion to him. In Vietnam, people are often smoking at business meetings and in coffee houses. Most of the women in Cambodia and Vietnam tend not to smoke. But when they enter a friend’s home, they may be given a tobacco leaf to chew on. During the war, Vietnamese soldiers would smoke to pass the time while waiting to go into battle. Cambodian men smoked when they took a break from working in the fields, to ease their hunger and to keep mosquitoes away。

　　Smoking was a comforting thing to do. In both Vietnam and Cambodia, people who were not smokers before the war, started to smoke during the war and became addicted。

　　Part Ⅳ Reading Comprehension(Reading in Depth)

　　Section A

　　47.第二段第二句“Publicity comes only when a failure to communicate has major consequences， such as strikes，lost orders，legal problems or fatal accidents—even，at times，war。”中的“Publicity”就是題目中的“come to the attention of the public”，由此可見，當語言障礙導致“重大后果(major consequences)”，如罷工等等社會問題或者致命的事故時，才會引起關注。因此，答案為“major consequences”。

　　48.毒蘑菇事件是作者在第二段關于語言問題導致致命事故所舉的例子。第二段最后一句作者講道“Presumably because the report of the treatment had been published only in journals written in European languages other than English。”，由此我們可以推斷美國醫生大概很少讀用英語以外的語言所寫的報道或論著。故答案為“They probably only read reports written in English”。

　　49.第三段第二句“But isolated examples do not give an impression of the size of the problem- something that can come only from studies of the use or avoidance of foreign-language materials and contacts in different communicative situations。”中的“size of the problem”就是指問題的嚴重程度，即題目中的“extent of the language barrier”。可見“研究”外語材料的使用情況可以幫助了解語言障礙問題的程度。由此，答案可以是“studies”。第三段第三句“In the English-speaking scientific world，for example，surveys of books and documents consulted in libraries and other information agencies have shown that very little foreign-language material is ever cnsulted。”指出調查信息機構中書和文件的查閱情況可以知道對外語材料的查閱很少。可見“調查”這些材料的查閱情況可以獲得證據。由此，答案也可以是“surveys”。

　　50.由第四段第三句“In the 1960s，over two-thirds of British firms dealing with non-English- speaking customers were using English for out going correspondence；many had their sales literature only in English”可見他們用英語來寫往來函件和產品說明、銷售宣傳這樣的一些材料。由于題目只要求寫出一個例子，所以答案可以是“sales literature”或者“outgoing correspondence”。

　　51.文章最后一段提到了20世紀60年代以來英國的各家公司用于解決語言障礙問題的四種方法：“Industrial training schemes have promoted an increase in linguistic and cultural awareness.Many firms now have their own translation services.Some firms run part-time language courses in the languages of the countries with which they are most involved；some produce their own technical glossaries，to ensure consistency when material is being translated。”，因此，答案為“Industrial training schemes，translation services，part-time language courses and technical glossaries。”。

　　Section B

　　52.主旨題。第一段開始便提到，盡管是圣誕節前最后一天，人們卻拒絕承認是last-minute shoppers。第一段首句即本文的中心句，后面描述的現象以及采訪顧客的對答都是對本文論點的論證。其中，第一段第二句“but no one waiting for the store to open would admit to being a last-minute shopper”更是點睛之筆。因此，正確答案為A項。

　　53.因果推斷題。人們拒絕承認是last-minute shoppers是因為擔心收到禮物的人認為該禮物是最后一刻才購買的，難免會讓人失望。選項C文中并沒有提及，但是按人之常情以及排除法可以斷定正確答案為C項，其中，選項A是被采訪的人不愿意承認的托詞，選項B只是對來自俄羅斯的Polykoff說是如此。

　　54.細節判斷題。由第二段第二句“most shopping traffic peaked around midday”可以判斷選項A、選項C、選項D選項錯誤。因此，正確答案為B項。

　　55.細節判斷題。第一段開篇提及“the last shopping day before Christmas”，第二段第二句提及“people seem to be in good spirits”，因此選項B是對的。第二段第三句“December 24 was the sixth busiest holiday shopping day in 1997”，由此可以判斷選項C也是正確的。文中最后談及“brightly colored plastic watches in Swatch Store”，由此斷定選項D正確。因此，正確答案為A項。

　　56.詞義推斷題。圣誕節前的商店氣氛“the atmosphere as festive”，而不是crazed(瘋狂的)，可以推斷出festive大約是“快樂的，節日的”的意思。文前還提到“people seem to be in good spirits”，由此可以判斷festive的意義相當于cheery，joyous，happy，merry。因此，正確答案為B項。

　　57.推斷題。作者提到，過去人們大量移居郊區使得城市建設一度破落，商業區遷至郊區進一步加劇了城市的沒落。但人們最終厭倦了每天在城市和郊區之間數小時的往返，開始懷念城市的文化生活，最終重新搬回城市。文章最后得出結論：向郊區遷移并不能為我們創建一個理想的工作和生活環境。因此，答案為A項。

　　58.詞義推斷題。結合上下文可以看出人們遷往郊區是為了改善工作和生活環境。第三段中提到的新鮮空氣、個人的私密性和“elbowroom”都是城市沒有而郊區擁有的。與郊區相比，城市的活動空間相對狹小，由此可以推斷“elbowroom”是指自由活動的空間。因此，正確答案為B項。

　　59.細節題。第三段中提到“The people left in the cities were often those who were too old or too poor to move。”但選項A說留下的只有(just)老人和窮人，太過于絕對，因而排除。由第二段第四句可知選項C錯誤。最后一段提到泰勒夫婦的決定表明人們最終將回到城市，重新建設城市，因此郊區不可能替代城市，故選項D也錯誤。因此，正確答案為B項。

　　60.細節題。第四段提到人們白天進城工作，晚上離城回家。因此有人提出“Why bother with going downtown at all? Why not move the offices to the suburbs so that we can live and work in the same area?”不如把商業也遷至郊區，省得人們兩地奔波。故正確答案為D項。

　　61.細節屬。從第三段第三、四、五句可知納稅人遷離城市使城市沒有足夠的資金去維護和建設，因而破敗失修。因此正確答案為C項。

　　Part V Error Correction

　　62.本文第一句話陳述了女性過去對于高層職位的態度，但第二句話話鋒一轉，一直到本文結束，作者擺出了當代女性對高層職位的態度“today's young women are far less philosophical a bout their statues and.。.”，這表明女性的態度發生了轉變，因此使用表示轉折的關聯詞才符合上下文語境。

　　63.本題為習慣搭配。resentment之后習慣使用at，如：Everybody feels resentment at being treated unfairly。

　　64.inferior to為習語。

　　65.level against sb。意指“對某人提出的批評/控告”，與上下文意義吻合。

　　66.習語come to terms (with)意為“達成協議，妥協”，如，They came to terms after long bargaining。他們經過長時間的討價還價之后達成了協議。

　　67.現在分詞短語或定語從句修飾women。

　　68.與謂語動詞tend構成不定式，后。接賓語treat the fact that she has young children as an important factor。

　　69.根據上下文given此處有granting or assuming that one has，表示“假定，倘若”，如：Given good health，I hope to finish the work this year。假如身體健康，我希望今年完成這工作。

　　70.只需要其中之一修飾more positive即可。

　　71.根據上下文，其邏輯關系應為表達“當她們的孩子成年后”。

　　Part Ⅵ Translation

　　72.[注釋] 此句關鍵在于“動用”和“渡過”兩個謂語動詞的翻譯。“動用”應使用詞組draw on來表示；而“渡過”則應該使用pull through來表示。

　　73.[注釋] 此句的翻譯關鍵之一是I'm convinced that.。.句型。此外“明智的決定”既可以翻譯為informed decision也可以翻譯為wise decision。“嚴重的后果”中“嚴重”既可以用 grave來表達，也可以用severe或serious表示。

　　74.[注釋] 本句是并列句，句子結構簡單。此句的翻譯主要在于兩個謂語動詞“發現”和“揭露”，可譯為discover和expose。

　　75.[注釋] 本句第一是考查“兩難處境”的翻譯，應為dilemma；其次是whether to...or to .。.句型的使用；再次，是“蒙在鼓里”的翻譯，為固定表達，keep sb. in the dark。

　　76.[注釋] 本句翻譯的重點在于“將……最佳狀態發揮出來”，也就是句型bring out the best in...。