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Lesson 20
第二十課
acquaint
vt.（with）使了解
The Internet and newspapers acquaint us with recent happenings around the world.
互聯網和報紙使我們能及時了解天下之事。
advantage
n. 優點；好處
Every advantage has its disadvantage.
有利必有弊。
certificate
n. 證書，執照
These three certificates establish a claim against you for quality discrepancy.
這三份證明書證實質量不符，所以我們向貴公司提出索賠。
civil
a. 公民的，國內的；民用的；民事的；文明的
Until now, Gone with the Wind, a film about the American Civil War, has still been regarded as the best Hollywood make.
直到現在，《亂世佳人》（《飄》）這部關于美國內戰的影片仍被認為是好萊塢的扛鼎之作。
conflict
n. 沖突；戰爭 vi. 沖突
Do American immigration laws conflict with any international laws?
美國的移民法與國際法有抵觸嗎？
counter
n. 柜臺；籌碼；計數器 vt. 反駁 ad. 反方向地
I countered her arguments by pointing out the advantages of my plan.
我指出自己所做計劃的優點以反駁她的論點。
detective
n. 偵探
Edgar Allan Poe's The Murders in the Rue Morgue is considered the world's first real detective story.
埃德加?愛倫?坡的小說《莫格街謀殺案》被認為是世界上第一本真正的偵探小說。
dismiss
vt. 不再考慮；解雇；解散；駁回
Bryant claims he was unfairly dismissed from his post.
布賴恩特聲稱自己被無理免職。
evident
a. 明顯的
We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal. (Thomas Jefferson)
我們認為這些真理不證自明--人皆生而平等。（托馬斯?杰斐遜）
filter
n. 濾器 v. 過濾；（消息等）走漏
All drinking water must be filtered.
飲用水都必須過濾凈化。
govern
vt. 統治；支配
Britain has a queen, but it is the prime minister and the cabinet who govern.
英國有女王，但執政的是首相和內閣。
inhabitant
n. 居民
American Indians were the earliest inhabitants of America.
美洲印第安人是美洲最早的居民。
lodge
vi. 借宿 vt. 供…以臨時住宿 n. 鄉間小屋
The travelers lodged in motels every night.
這些旅行者每晚都借宿汽車旅館。
intermediate
a. 中間的；中級的
The pupa is at an intermediate stage of development; it is intermediate between the egg and the adult butterfly.
蛹是蝴蝶發育的中間階段，介于卵和成蟲之間。
jealous
a. 妒忌的；精心守護的
Some girls easily get jealous of other girls' beauty.
有些女孩容易妒忌其他女孩的美貌。
loose
a. 松的；不精確的；自由的
The older you become, the looser your skin will be.
年紀越大，皮膚就會越松弛。
loosen
v. 解開；松弛
You should loosen up (your muscles) before and after doing physical exercises.
運動前后，應該放松一下（肌肉）。
necessity
n. 必需品；必要（性）
Those refugees lack money even for basic food and water-the necessities of life.
那些難民沒錢買起碼的食品和水等生活的必需品。
objection
n. 反對；反對的理由
"What do you think of my proposal?" "I don't have any objection to it."
"你覺得我的建議怎么樣？""我沒異議。"
preface
n. 序言
The characteristics of this book are mentioned on the cover and in the preface.
本書的特色在封面和前言都有提及。
proportion
n. 比例；部分；均衡
The proportion of boys to girls is usually about four to one in science and engineering colleges.
理工大學的男女生比例通常是4：1。
render
vt. 使得；給予；翻譯
Fatness renders a person clumsy.
身體肥胖使人笨拙。
representative
n. 代表 a.（of）有代表性的
In Britain, representatives in the House of Commons are elected by the British people.
在英國，下議院代表是英國人民選出的。
somehow
ad. 用某種方法；不知怎么地
Maybe we could glue it together somehow or other.
說不定我們會有辦法把它給粘起來。
somewhat
ad. 稍微，有點
It is somewhat difficult to answer this question.
要回答這個問題有點困難。
specify
vt. 明確說明
It is against federal law in the U.S. to specify skin colour in a newspaper ad for roommates.
在美國，在報紙廣告上具體指明合租者必須是某種膚色是違反聯邦法律的。
strategy
n. 戰略，策略
Mao Zedong was a great strategist skilled in military strategy.
毛澤東是一位善于制定軍事策略的偉大的軍事戰略家。
typical
a. 典型的
The architecture of the Chinese imperial garden Yuanming yuan has a typical baroque style--highly ornate and extravagant.
中國帝王御花園圓明園的建筑風格是典型的巴洛克風格--裝飾極其奢華。
vice
n. 缺點；邪惡，惡行
Greed, jealousy, dishonesty and lewdness are considered to be vices;and of all vices, lewdness is the worst.
貪婪、嫉妒、欺詐和淫欲被視為惡行，而萬惡淫為首。
appetite
n. 胃口；欲望
A good appetite is a good sauce.
（諺）饑不擇食。（好胃口是好的調味汁。）
clarify
vt. 闡明
The government has time and again clarified its position on equal pay for women.
政府已經反復闡明其對男女同工同酬的立場。
confidence
n. 信任；信心
Most Chinese students lack self-confidence when speaking English.
大多數中國學生在說英語時缺乏自信心。
criticize
vt. 批評；評論
He always ignores his faults and criticizes others.
他總是嚴以律人，寬以待己。
criticism
n. 批評；評論
The film Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon still met with sharp domestic criticism although it had won several international prizes.
盡管電影《臥虎藏龍》獲得了一些國際獎項，但仍受到國內尖銳的批評。
consequence
n. 結果；重要（性）
If you don't pay your bills you'll have to take the consequences.
你如果不把賬給付了，就得承擔一切后果。
distinguish
vt. 區分；看清；（oneself）使杰出
A common person usually can't distinguish a genuine antique from a fake one.
常人一般不會區分真古董和贗品。
extinguish
vt. 熄滅；使消亡
His fire of life was extinguished bit by bit by the onset of the lovesickness.
他的生命之火在相思病的摧殘下一點一點地暗淡下去。
flock
n. 羊群，一群；大量 vi. 群集
Birds of a feather flock together.
（諺）物以類聚，人以群分。
fragment
n. 碎片 v.（使）成碎片
A kaleidoscope is a tube-shaped optical instrument rotated to produce symmetrical designs by means of mirrors reflecting the constantly changing patterns made by fragments of colored glass at one end of the tube.
萬花筒是一種管狀光學儀器，經旋轉產生對稱圖案，這是通過管一端的有色玻璃碎片經鏡子的反射而形成的不斷變化的圖形。
herd
n. 牧群 vt. 使集中在一起
Dogs are often trained to herd sheep.
狗常被訓練來放羊。
imitate
vt. 模仿；仿造
Some of the younger pop bands try to imitate their musical heroes from the past (for example, the Chinese pop bands the Panther and the Tang Dynasty).
一些新生代流行樂隊試圖模仿過去的樂壇英雄（如中國的流行樂隊"黑豹"和"唐朝"）。
motive
n. 動機，目的
The need for money is the motive that drives so many people to work so hard./ Many people's motive for working so hard is their need for money.
許多人這么賣命干活的目的在于他們需要錢。
prejudice
n. 偏見 vt. 使有偏見；損害
A judge must be free from prejudice.
法官不應帶有偏見。
prime
a. 首要的；最好的 n. 青春；全盛時期 vt. 使準備好
Spring is the prime time for planting trees.
春天是植樹的最好時間。
resemble
vt. 像，類似于
The ancients thought that gold resembled the sun, so they represented this chemical element with a solar symbol.
古代人認為黃金與太陽相像，所以他們用太陽符號來代表這種化學元素。
resolution
n. 決議；決心；解決；分辨率
The United Nations passed a resolution to increase aid to the Third World.
聯合國通過決議增加對第三世界國家的援助。
squeeze
vt. 擠，擠出；壓榨；捏，握 vi. 擠 n. 擠；握（手）；拮據
No matter how busy parents are, they should squeeze some time to stay with their children.
無論父母多忙，都應該擠出點時間陪陪孩子。
stake
n. 樁；利害關系；賭注 vt. 以…打賭，拿…冒險
Firemen must act quickly because lives are at stake.
消防員必須行動迅速，因為生死攸關。
stale
a. 不新鮮的；陳腐的
Running water never gets stale.
流水不腐。
static
a. 靜的；停滯的 n. 靜電；（-s）靜力學
Civilization does not remain static, but changes constantly.
文明不是靜止的，而是不斷變化的。
surrender
vi. 投降；（to）屈服（于） vt. 放棄 n. 投降
No surrender to the fascists!
決不向法西斯分子投降！
suspect
vt. 推測；對…表示懷疑 n. 可疑分子 a. 可疑的
If you suspect a man, don't employ him.
疑人不用。
suspend
vt. 暫停；懸，吊
He was suspended from playing football for a year after calling the referee names.
在辱罵裁判后，他被禁賽一年。
vibrate
v.（使）振動，（使）搖擺
The whole station seemed to vibrate as the express train rushed through.
當高速列車疾馳而過時，整個車站都仿佛在震動。
authority
n. 權力；（pl.）官方；當權者；權威
The police have the authority to arrest lawbreakers.
警察有權逮捕犯法的人。
commerce
n. 商業
In consequence of the economic crisis in 1997, many southeast Asian countries' commerce paralyzed.
1997年的經濟危機使許多東南亞國家商貿癱瘓。
commercial
a. 商業的；商品化的 n. 商業廣告
In a commercial society, people often feel lonely and helpless.
在商品化社會，人們常常感到孤單無助。
communication
n. 交流；（pl.）通信工具
English remains the most commonly used in international communication, both in person and via the Internet.
無論是在現實生活中還是在互聯網上，國際交流中英語使用得最為普遍。
community
n. 社區；團體；群落
To host the Olympic Games, Beijing needs to expand its English-speaking community.
為承辦奧運，北京需要擴大說英語的社會群體。
component
n. 成分 a. 組成的
Vitamin C is the major component of many fruits and vegetables.
維生素C是很多水果和蔬菜中主要的成分。
concrete
a. 具體的 n. 混凝土
Have you any concrete suggestions as to how to deal with difficulties of the fast-increasing population and the insufficient food supply?
你有什么具體的建議來應對人口增長過快和糧食供應緊張的難題嗎？
conference
n. 會議；商談
The UN Human Rights Conference should be a place where the common problems of mankind are discussed and the cause of human rights is advanced.
聯合國人權會議應該是一個討論人類共同面臨的問題、促進人權事業發展的場所。
correspondence
n. 信件；通信；符合
The book was compiled from the correspondence between Xu Zhimo and Lu Xiaoman.
這本書是由徐志摩和陸小曼的書信匯編而成的。
dynamic
a. 有活力的；不斷變化（或增長）的；動力的
If you are young, attractive and dynamic, you don't need to worry about finding a date.
如果你年輕、動人，并且活力四射，就不必擔心找不到人約會。
heroic
a. 英雄的，英勇的
The movie Kungfu Hustle has an exciting ending. Stephen Chow was portrayed as a nobody with heroic deeds.
電影《功夫》結局精彩，周星馳被描述成一個有英勇行為的小人物。
exert
vt. 盡（力）；運用
For college students, to do a part-time job will exert a profound influence on their personality and life.
做兼職對大學生的個性培養和今后生活都具有深遠的影響。
grand
a. 宏偉的；重大的；傲慢的；絕佳的；總的
We had a grand view of a sea of clouds when we climbed to the top of the Yellow Mountain.
我們爬上黃山之巔時，看到了云海的壯觀景象。
helpful
a. 有益的；給予幫助的
The message is very helpful to me.
這條消息對我的幫助很大。
mutual
a. 相互的；共同的
Mutual forgiveness of each vice, such are the gates of Paradise.
相互寬容對方的缺點，乃是通向天堂之門。
occasion
n. 時刻，場合；時機；起因 vt. 引起
I can't recall the occasion,but I've met him before.
我以前碰到過他，但記不起在哪個場合。
occasional
a. 偶爾的
Do you pay occasional visits to your friends and relatives?
你會偶爾探訪一下親友嗎？
plentiful
a. 充足的
There are plentiful watermelons in the summer.
夏季有大量的西瓜上市。
portion
n. 一部分，一份 vt.（out）分配
A large portion of the company's profit goes straight back into new projects.
公司的大部分利潤直接投入到新的項目中。
qualify
v.（使）勝任，（使）具有資格
respond
vi. 回答；（to）做出反應
He responded to my suggestion with a nod.
他點頭回應我的建議。
retreat
vi./n. 退卻，撤退 n. 隱退處
The soldiers had to retreat when they were beaten in battle.
士兵們在戰爭中受挫不得不撤退。
sake
n. 緣故
Never do wrong for the sake of money.
絕不要為金錢而做壞事。
scope
n. 范圍；余地
The students should try to widen their scope of knowledge.
學生們應設法擴大自己的知識面。
sway
vi. 搖擺 vt. 使動搖 n. 搖擺；起支配作用的影響
Don't sway from what you have decided.
決定了就不要再搖擺不定。
synthetic
a. 合成的，人造的；虛假的
A goal of the scientists is to make synthetic genes and then reassemble them to design new species.
科學家的目標是合成基因后將其重組以產生新的物種。
