評論
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聽力對話原文
Conversation One
M: One of the most common questions we askabout people’s behavior is why. Why does she say this? Why does he do that?Sometimes the reason is obvious. For example, someone is driving down thestreet, the light turns red, and he stops, why?
W: Because he has to, legally I mean.
M: Exactly! In this case the reason isobvious, so we usually don’t question it. But when the reason is not so obviousand especially when the behavior could have negative consequences, we’re morelikely to feel a need to explain the causes of the behavior. Socialpsychologists have a term for this, for the process of explaining the causes ofbehavior. It’s called causal attribution. And one theory suggests there’s apattern in the way we go about attributing causes to people’s behavior.According to this theory, there are two categories of reasons: internal factorsand external factors. Again, Lisa, say you’re driving down the road and all ofa sudden some guy turns into the lane right in front of you, and you have toslam on your brake to avoid an accident. How do you react?
W: I’ll probably get very angry.
M: Because...
W: Well, he’s not paying attention; he’s abad driver.
M: So you automatically attribute thedriver’s behavior to an internal factor. He himself is to blame because he iscareless.
W: So if I said it was because of heavytraffic or something, I’d be attributing his behavior to an external factor,something beyond his control.
M: Good. Now how will you explain your ownnegative behavior?
W: I should blame external factors.
M: That’s right.
Questions 19 to 22 are based on theconversation you have just heard.
19. What is the main topic of the discussion?
20. According to the professor, when arepeople likely to try to explain someone else’s behavior?
21. According to the discussion, how domost people explain others’ negative behavior?
22.According to the discussion, what should we do to explain our own negativebehavior?
