abroad ad. ①在國外 ②廣為流傳
　　例：She worked abroad for a year. 她在國外工作了一年。There was news abroad that a job change in the company was coming. 盛傳公司內(nèi)部即將進(jìn)行工作變動(dòng)。搭配：at home and abroad 國內(nèi)外：He was famous, both at home and abroad. 他享譽(yù)國內(nèi)外。get abroad 傳開：The happy tidings soon got abroad. 喜訊不久就傳播開了。拓展：aboard prep. 在(船、飛機(jī)、車)上;上(船、飛機(jī)、車);ad. 在船(飛機(jī)、車)上，上船(飛機(jī)、車)

　　absent a. ①不在的，缺席的 ②心不在焉的;v. 缺席
　　例：Love was totally absent from his childhood. 他童年時(shí)沒有受到絲毫的疼愛。She had an absent look on her face. 她看起來心不在焉。absent without leave 擅離職守：Because of absenting without leave, he was fired by the company. 他由于擅離職守被開除了。搭配：absent yourself 不在場(chǎng)，缺席：He absented himself from the meeting. 他沒有出席會(huì)議。拓展：absently ad. 漫不經(jīng)心地，心不在焉地;absentee n. 缺席者，缺勤者

　　聽力擴(kuò)展：
　　A: You know there is an important meeting this morning and the general manager doesn’t like people absent without any reasons.
　　B: No reasons? You are uncomfortable is the reason. I can’t understand why you guys always love working and forget your body. Money is not everything.
　　A: OK. I know you care about my health. I will ask for time off and see the doctor this afternoon.
　　A：你知道上午有個(gè)重要會(huì)議，總經(jīng)理不喜歡有人無故缺席。
　　B：無故?不舒服就是個(gè)理由。我實(shí)在不懂你們這些人為什么總是工作起來就忘了自己的健康。錢不是萬能啊。
　　A：好啦。我知道你關(guān)心我的身體，我下午會(huì)請(qǐng)假去看醫(yī)生的。

　　access n. ①通道，入口 ②接近;v. ①存取(計(jì)算機(jī)文件)②到達(dá)，進(jìn)入
　　例：There is no access to the street through that door. 那個(gè)門不通向大街。This scientist accessed enormous different files to find the correct information. 為了查找信息，這位科學(xué)家在計(jì)算機(jī)上查閱了大量文檔。搭配：have access to sth. 有機(jī)會(huì)，有權(quán)利干……事：Students must have access to good resources. 學(xué)生必須有機(jī)會(huì)獲得良好的信息資源。拓展：accessary n. 同謀;accessible a. 易達(dá)到的;accessibility n. 易接近，可到達(dá)

　　acquire v. ①獲得，得到;②養(yǎng)成 ③購得
　　例：The company has recently acquired new offices in central London. 公司最近在倫敦市中心購買了新辦公室。I have recently acquired a taste for olives. 我最近開始喜歡吃橄欖了。搭配：an acquired taste 養(yǎng)成的愛好：Abstract art is an acquired taste. 要慢慢培養(yǎng)才會(huì)欣賞抽象藝術(shù)。acquire knowledge of 求得……的知識(shí)：We must work hard to acquire a good knowledge of English. 必須努力學(xué)習(xí)才能精通英語。拓展：acquirement n. ①獲得，學(xué)得 ②[pl.] 學(xué)識(shí)，技藝

　　adapt v. ①使適應(yīng)，使適合 ②改編，改寫
　　例：People adapt to changing circumstances—even to wealth or a disability. 人們必須適應(yīng)變化的環(huán)境，面對(duì)財(cái)富或殘疾亦應(yīng)如此。Three of her novels have been adapted for television. 她的三部小說已改編為電視劇。搭配：adapt to 適應(yīng)：You must adapt to the norms of the society you live in. 在社會(huì)中生活，就要遵循社會(huì)行為準(zhǔn)則。adapt for 適宜(為……改編)：Difficult books are sometimes adapted for use in schools. 偏難的書籍有時(shí)候是為學(xué)校使用而改編的。拓展：adaptation n. 改編，適應(yīng)，改寫本

　　alter v. ①改變，更改 ②修改(衣服更合身)
　　例：I’ll have to alter the diagram. I’ve made a mistake. 我得修改圖表，出了點(diǎn)兒錯(cuò)。She is trying to alter the coat. 她正設(shè)法改那件衣服。搭配：alter ego 密友：He was my alter ego; we were always picking up each other’s thoughts. 他是我最好的朋友，我們總能明白對(duì)方的心思。alter mode 變更方式：You have to alter your mode of living. 你得改變生活方式。拓展：alternatively ad. 二者擇一地,作為選擇
　　聽力擴(kuò)展： Fortunately, Maura had a lifeline—a group of women friends who meet regularly to discuss their lives. Their lively discussions spurred Maura to make small but nevertheless life altering changes. She joined a gym in the next town. She changed her look with a short haircut and new black T　shirts. Eventually, Maura gathered the courage to quit her job and start her own business.幸運(yùn)的是，莫拉有救命稻草——她有一幫女性朋友，經(jīng)常聚在一起討論生活。她們熱烈的討論促使莫拉對(duì)生活做點(diǎn)小小的改變。她加入了相鄰小鎮(zhèn)的健身活動(dòng)，她剪短頭發(fā)改變了形象，買了新的黑色T恤衫。最終，莫拉鼓起勇氣辭去工作，開始個(gè)人創(chuàng)業(yè)。【注】lifeline n. 救生索，生命線;spur v. 鞭策，激勵(lì);gym n. 體育活動(dòng)，體育館

　　apart ad. ①分開 ②相隔;a. 分開的
　　例：We had to take the engine apart. 我們不得不卸下引擎。We are living apart now. 我們分開過了。搭配：apart from 除……以外：I have finished apart from the last question. 除了最后一道題，我全做完了。set apart 保留：A room was set apart for the purpose. 專門為此留出了一個(gè)房間。tell apart 辨別(區(qū)分)：The twins are so alike; it’s impossible to tell them apart. 這對(duì)雙胞胎長得太像了，簡直無法區(qū)分。拓展：apartment n. 一套公寓房間
　　聽力擴(kuò)展：
　　A: How long will you be staying here?
　　B: About two weeks.
　　A: That’ll be enough to see Beijing.
　　B: I hope so. Apart from tourist attractions，what can I see?
　　A: Um, Laoshe Teahouse will be a good choice.
　　B: What’s special about it?
　　A: You can watch Chinese traditional performance while drinking tea.
　　B: Sounds very interesting. Thank you!
　　A：你要在這兒呆多長時(shí)間?
　　B：大約兩個(gè)星期。
　　A：那就有時(shí)間在北京到處看看啦。
　　B：希望如此。除了旅游景點(diǎn)，還有什么地方值得一看?
　　A：嗯，老舍茶館不錯(cuò)。
　　B：它有什么特別的嗎?
　　A：你可以一邊喝茶一邊觀看傳統(tǒng)中式表演。
　　B：聽起來很有意思。謝謝!

　　appeal n. ①請(qǐng)求，呼吁 ②上訴 ③吸引力;v. ①求助，要求 ②控訴
　　例：The game has lost its appeal. 這種游戲已引不起人們的興趣。Five times he appealed the case, always losing. 他上訴五次，都失敗了。搭配：appeal to sb. 呼吁：By appealing to his better nature, we persuaded him to change his mind. 我們喚醒了他的良知，勸他改變了主意。appeal against 提起上訴：She will appeal against the judge’s decision. 她要對(duì)判決提出上訴。make an appeal to sb. 呼吁：President Lee made an appeal to help the poor. 李總統(tǒng)呼吁大家?guī)椭F人。拓展：appealing a. 懇求的，哀訴的
　　聽力擴(kuò)展：
　　A: You can appeal if you’re not satisfied with the sentence.
　　B: Where do I appeal?
　　A: A higher level court.
　　B: What is the chance of winning the case if I appeal?
　　A: I’m not going to lie to you. Not very big.
　　A：你如果對(duì)判決不滿，可以提起上訴。
　　B：那我向哪兒上訴呢?
　　A：向上一級(jí)法院。
　　B：如果上訴，打贏官司的可能性有多大?
　　A：據(jù)實(shí)相告，不太大。

　　application n. ①申請(qǐng) ②應(yīng)用 ③涂抹
　　例：I didn’t receive an acknowledgement of my application. 我還沒有收到有關(guān)我的申請(qǐng)的回執(zhí)。It took three applications of paint to cover the graffiti. 刷了三道油漆才蓋住了亂涂亂寫的東西。搭配：application form 申請(qǐng)書：Application form can be downloaded here. 申請(qǐng)表格可于這里下載。application of sth. 應(yīng)用：The new invention would have a wide range of applications in industry. 這項(xiàng)新發(fā)明會(huì)在工業(yè)上得到廣泛的應(yīng)用。拓展：applicant n. 申請(qǐng)人;applied a. 實(shí)用的，應(yīng)用的
　　聽力擴(kuò)展：
　　A: What can I do for you?
　　B: I just came to the university to further my study. I don’t know how to apply for a library card here.
　　A: Well, please fill out this card.
　　B: How long will it take for me to get my card?
　　A: Not long. We’ll process your application and mail you your new card in about a week.
　　B: Oh, thank you very much.
　　A：有什么需要幫助的嗎?
　　B：是的，我剛來這所大學(xué)進(jìn)修，不知道如何申請(qǐng)這兒的借書證。
　　A：哦。請(qǐng)?zhí)顚戇@張卡片。
　　B：需要多長時(shí)間才能拿到借書證?
　　A：用不了多久。大約一星期之內(nèi)，我們會(huì)辦理好你的申請(qǐng)，然后把新借書證郵寄給你。
　　B：哦。非常感謝。【注】process v. 加工，處理

　　apply v. ①應(yīng)用 ②申請(qǐng)
　　例：I advise that they apply to the council for a home improvement grant. 建議他們向市政會(huì)申請(qǐng)改善住房的貸款。The new technology was applied to farming. 這項(xiàng)新技術(shù)已應(yīng)用于農(nóng)業(yè)。搭配：apply to 適用于，運(yùn)用于：The laws apply to everyone irrespective of race, creed or colour. 法律適用于所有的人, 不分種族、 信仰或膚色。apply oneself to do sth. 努力學(xué)習(xí)，勤奮工作：You would pass your exam if you applied yourself. 努力學(xué)習(xí)就會(huì)通過考試。
　　聽力擴(kuò)展：
　　A: Excuse me, I lost my metro card. What should I do?
　　B: I’m sorry. The metro card is non-registered. You should apply for a new one.
　　A: OK. I want to do that now. By the way, if my card breaks, can I replace it?
　　B: Yes, you can exchange it if you take your receipt to Fuxingmen station.
　　A：您好，我的地鐵卡丟了，怎么辦?
　　B：抱歉?？ㄆ遣挥浢?。你得再辦一張。
　　A：好吧，我要再辦一張。還有，如果卡壞了，可以換嗎?
　　B：可以拿收據(jù)到復(fù)興門地鐵站換。【注】metro card 地鐵卡;receipt n. 收據(jù)

　　approve v. ①贊成，同意 ②批準(zhǔn)，通過(計(jì)劃、提案、要求等)
　　例：She thought for a moment and then approved. 她略加沉思，就同意了。The minister approved the building plan. 部長批準(zhǔn)了該項(xiàng)建筑計(jì)劃。The course is approved by the Department of Education. 課程已經(jīng)獲得教育部核準(zhǔn)。搭配：approve of 贊成，稱許：My parents don’t approve of my smoking cigarettes. 我父母不允許我吸煙。拓展：approval n. ①贊成，同意 ②批準(zhǔn)，認(rèn)可;approving a. 贊成的，同意的
　　聽力擴(kuò)展：
　　A: Did you find that Lily and Tom often go out for lunch together recently?
　　B: Ha-ha. What’s your opinion about such relationship?
　　A: Actually, I neither object to it nor support it.
　　B: Wow, neutral! Good!
　　A: How about you?
　　B: I do not approve office ladies to have such relationship with male colleagues. I think this kind of relationship will go out of our control, and will harm our career, even may influence our life.
　　A：你有沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)莉莉和湯姆最近經(jīng)常一起共進(jìn)午餐?
　　B：哈哈。你怎么看這種關(guān)系呢?
　　A：事實(shí)上，我既不反對(duì)，也不支持。
　　B：哦，中立，不錯(cuò)!
　　A：你呢?
　　B：我不贊成辦公室女職員與男同事發(fā)生類似的關(guān)系。這種關(guān)系一旦失控，會(huì)傷害我們事業(yè)的發(fā)展，甚至影響到我們的生活?！咀ⅰ縩eutral a. 中立的