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46. H)由題干定位到第六個小標題下，指出：From the “Macrocosm...or “Planetary Alignment”，to the “Microcosm”，or “Atomic Frequency...the cesium now maintains accuracy with a degree of error to about one millionth of a second per year。由此可見隨著技術的發展，原子鐘已經可以達到一年 誤差大約一百萬分之一秒。與題干相符，因此選H。
47. I)由題〒定位到 I 段，指出：The only thing that should be remembered during all this technological development is that we should never lose the ability to tell the time approximately by natural means and the powers of deduction without requiring crutches to lean on。無論計時技術如 何發展，我們不能失去通過自然手段來判定大概時間的基本能力。與題干相符，因此選I。
48. D)由題干定位到第四個小標題下，指出Water clocks were among the earliest time-keeping devices that didn’t use the observation of the celestial bodies to calculate the passage of time。可見 水鐘不是借助觀察天體來測量時間的最早的計時器之一。與題干相符，因此選D。
49. E)由題干定位到第五個小標題下，指出：In 1656,Christian Huygens (Dutch scientist)，made the first “Pendulum clock”. “Galileo Galilei” is credited, in most historical books，for inventing the pendulum as early as 1582,but his design was not built before his death。從這里可以看出，大多數 歷史教科書認為伽利略是第一位早在1582年就設計出擺鐘的人，但直到他去世也沒有制作出擺 鐘。第一個擺鐘是荷蘭科學家Christian Huygens制作出來的。與題干相符，因此選E。
50. A)由題干定位到 A 段，指出：At best, historians know that 5，000 ～6，000 years ago, great civilizations in the Middle East and North Africa started to examine forms of clock-making instead of working with only the monthly and annual calendar... ,but it has been suggested that the intention was to maximize time available to achieve more as the size of the population grew。中東和北非的一 些民族在五六千年前就開始研制鐘表了。隨著人口的增長。鐘表的研制是為了最大程度地利用 時間，與題干相符，因此選A。
51. C)由題干定位到第三個小標題下，指出：Another ancient Egyptian “shadow clock” or “sundial” has been discovered to have been in use around 1，500 BC，which allowed the measuring of the passage of “hours”. The sections were divided into ten parts, with two “twilight hours” indicated, occurring in the morning and the evening. For it to work successfully then at midday or noon, the device had to be turned 180 degrees to measure the afternoon hours。在段落一開始，就指出古埃及 人使用的計時裝置為shadow clock or sundial，影鐘或日晷。
52. D)由 Water Clocks 這部分第三句 Most of these clocks were used to determine the hours of the night, but may have also been used during daylight可見水鐘主要用于夜間計時與題干相符，因此 選D
53. E)由題干定位到第五個小標題下，指出..Huygens clock, when built, had an error of less than only one minute a day. This was a massive leap in the development of maintaining accuracy, as this had previously never been achieved這個鐘的誤差每天不到一分鐘。與題干相符，因此選E。
54. F)由題干定位到第六個小標題下，指出：Quartz clocks continue to dominate the market because of the accuracy and reliability of the performance, also being inexpensive to produce on mass scale 石英鐘之所以一直在市場中占主導地位是因為其走時準確，性能可靠，并且價格低廉便于大規模 生產。與題干相符，因此選F。
55. H)由題矛定位到第八個小標題下，指出：Transportation financial markets, communication, manufacturing, electric power and many other technologies have become dependent on super-accurate clocks. Scientific research and the demands of modem technology continue to drive our search for ever more accuracy.正是科學研究和現代技術的要求驅使我們不斷探尋日益精確的計 時方法。與題干相符，因此選H。
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