評論
打印
篇章詞匯題型的特點
篇章詞匯 ( Banked Cloze )考一篇長度為 220 個單詞左右的文章，在文章當中去除了 10 個單詞，后面由 15 個單詞選項，要求考生選擇正確的單詞填入文章。這種題型的測試重點在于把握文章的結構，主要考查考生對諸如連貫性，一致性，邏輯聯系等語篇，語段整體特征以及單詞在實際語境中的理解，即要求考生在理解全文的基礎上弄清文章的宏觀結構和具體細化到每個單詞的微觀理解。
篇章詞匯 VS 完形填空
應該說，篇章詞匯是完形填空的一種形式。完形填空的測試面更寬泛，涉及連詞，介詞等更多的語法知識，而篇章詞匯的考查項都是實詞(動詞，名詞，形容詞，副詞)。篇章詞匯更側重于從篇章層面考查對單詞的理解和應用。另外一個較為明顯的區別就是，篇章詞匯是集合式選項，所有的選項都集中在一起;而完形填空是分組式選項，各道題目的選項互不干擾。
篇章詞匯 VS 詞匯題
篇章詞匯與原來的老題型詞匯題相比，更注重對詞匯的實際運用的考查，從單一的一句話考查上升到篇章的理解。
Passage 2
Psychologists take opposing views of how external rewards, from warm praise to cold cash, affect motivation and creativity. Behaviorists, who study the relation between actions and their consequences, argue that rewards can __1__ performance at work and school. Cognitive( 認識派的 ) researchers, who study various aspects of mental life, maintain that rewards often destroy creativity by encouraging dependence on __2__ and gifts from others.
The latter view has gained many supporters, __3__ among educators. But the careful use of small __4__ rewards speaks creativity in grade school children, suggesting that properly presented inducements( 刺激 ) indeed __5__inventiveness, according to a study in the June Journal of Personality and Social Psychology.
“If kids know they’re working for a reward and can focus on a relatively __6__ task, they show the most creativity,” says Robert Eisenberger of the University of Delaware in Newark. “But it’s easy to __7__ creativity by giving rewards for poor performance or creating too much anticipation for rewards.
A teacher who continually draws attention to rewards or who hands our high grades for __8__ achievement ends up with uninspired students, Eisenberger holds. As an example of the latter point, he notes growing efforts at major universities to tighten grading standards and __9__ failing grades.
In early grades, the use of so-called token economies, in which students handle challenging problems and receive performance-based points to ward valued rewards, shows __10__ in raising efforts and creativity, the Delaware psychologist claims.
A)mental B)promise C)kill D)avoid
E)hope F)especially G)aid H)ordinary
I)approval J)monetary K)generally L)improve
M)challenging N)restore O)excellent
