2013年英語四級考試高級語法講義
　　倒裝分為全部倒裝和部分倒裝。
　　全部倒裝：
　　①當首句為方位或時間副詞，謂語動詞為go，come等時通常用全部倒裝。
　　② 如果句首出現了地點狀語，句子也可以進行全部倒裝。
　　③ 當句子當中出現分詞結構的時候，可以把現在分詞或過去分詞和地點狀語聯系在一起放在句首，把be 動詞留在中間當作謂語動詞，主語放在后面。
　　部分倒裝：
　　1、當句首狀語為否定詞或帶有否定意義的詞語時，這個句子就需要部分倒裝。
　　2、當句首為only加狀語的時候，這個句子需要部分倒裝。
　　3、so......that 結構中的so位于句首時，常引起部分倒裝。
　　4、句子開頭的as 處在第二個單詞的位置上，表示雖然的意思。
　　5、常見的固定搭配結構中需要用倒裝的情況。
　　hardly.....when....; scarcely .....when..... ;no sooner....than.....：
　　hardly，scarcely，no sooner 后面一定要用過去完成時，when 后面用一般過去時;the more ......the more... 越....越.... ;
　　實例練習(1)
　　1.直到他完成使命(Not until he had fufilled/finished his mission)did he realize that he was seriously ill. (08.06)
　　2. The witness was told that under no circumstance ( should he lie to the court ) 他都不應該對法庭撒謊。(07.12)
　　3. Only in the small town( does he feel secure and relaxed) 他才感覺安全和放松。he feels secure and relaxed. (07.6)
　　4. Not only ( did he charge me too much ) 他向我收費過高, but he didn't do a good repair job either. (06.6)
　　5. Only after I found out the truth( did I realize (that) he was innocent ) 我才意識到他是無辜的。
　　6. Not until the game had begun ( did he arrive at the sports ground )他才到達運動場。
　　閱讀中的倒裝：
　　1. Among the report are more outrageous(令人無法容忍的)findings - a Geman fertilizer described itself as "earthworm-friendly", a brand of flour said it was " non- polluting", and a British toilet paper claimed to be "environmentally friendlier".(05.06閱讀)
　　該報道當中，有很多讓人無法忍受的發現，如：一種德國肥料被描繪成“對蚯蚓無害”;一種新的品牌的面粉寫道“沒有任何污染”;還有一家英國公司的衛生紙被宣稱為“環保者”。
　　2. Then one day a few years ago, out of my mouth came a sentence that would eventually become me reply to any and all provocations: I don't talk about that anymore.(07.06閱讀)
　　幾年前的一天，我說了一句話并最終成為我對任何和全部挑釁的回答：關于那個問題我再也不討論了。
　　3. Deeply involved with this new technology is a breed of modern business people who have a growing respect for the economic value of doing business abroad. (03.01閱讀)
　　與新技術息息相關的是一些現代商人，他們日益看重國外生意的經濟價值。
　　實例練習(2)
　　1. Reaching new peaks of popularity in North America is Iceberg Water, which is harvested from icebergs off the coast of Newfoundland, Canada.(06.12閱讀)
　　萃取自加拿大紐芬蘭沿岸冰山的“冰水”在北美的受歡迎程度一再創出新高。
　　閱讀當中遇到的句型：
　　一般情況下開始出現了地點狀語或者是分詞引導的一個狀語結構，中間出現了謂語動詞，后面出現一個主語，主語后面接上一些限定(包括從句、補充說明等)，這種形式就是出現的全部倒裝的形式。
　　2. Not only has the highway systerm affected the American economy by providing shipping routs, it has led to the growth of spin-off industries like service stations, motels, restaurants, and shopping centers/malls. (0606閱讀)
　　公路系統不但為美國經濟的發展提供了運輸路線，還帶動了一批諸如加油站、汽車旅館、酒店、購物中心等相關行業的發展。
　　3. Only when it's gone do you wish you've done more to protect it.(0806閱讀)
　　當你失去的時候，你才會希望自己原來能夠多做點事情以保護好它。
　　only后面必須接狀語的時候，句子才可以部分倒裝。 eg. Only you can do this job.
　　4. Not only do we evaluate the cause of the pain, which can help us treat the pain better, but we also help provide comprehensive therapy for deprssion and other psychological and social issues related to chronic pain.(0706閱讀)
　　我們不僅要找出疼痛的病因，幫助我們更好地治療;還要提供綜合療法，治療與慢性疼痛相關的抑郁癥和其他心理與社交問題。
　　5. Had I not attended this workshop, I would have automatically assumed the man was the best candidate because the position required quite a bit of extensive travel.(0906閱讀)
　　如果我不是參加了這次講習班，我肯定會不由自主地認為那位男士候選人更合適，因為我們這個空缺的崗位需要頻繁出差。
　　6. It is said that never before has man been so highly successful in his attempts to modify the weather on a very small scale.
　　據說人們從來沒有過這么大的成功嘗試用這么小的規模去描述氣候。
　　一般情況下，全部倒裝會在閱讀中出現，只需要看出結構就可以了;部分倒裝在翻譯題中也會進行考查，在備考過程中還是要特別的關注。