1. What is Andrew Carnegie known as?
2. What did Carnegie think the wealthy should use their fortunes for?
3. What quality of Andrew Carnegie touched the Americans?
4. His success in part from his ability to sell the product and in part from his policy of during periods of economic , when most of his competitors were their investments.
5. Among his more noteworthy to society are those that bear his name, the Carnegie Institute of Pittsburgh, which has a library, a of fine arts, and a museum of history.
6. His contributions of more than five dollars established 2,500 libraries in small throughout the country and formed the of the public library system that we all today.
Background Information 背景信息
在美國,與“汽車大王”福特、“石油大王”洛克菲勒等大財閥的名字列在一起的,還有一個“鋼鐵大王”他就是安德魯·卡內基。美國工業史上,寫下永難磨滅的一頁,他征服鋼鐵世界,成為美國最大鋼鐵制造商,衣錦還鄉,躍居世界首富。而在功成名就后,他又將幾乎全部的財富捐獻給社會。他生前捐贈款額之巨大,足以與死后設立諾貝爾獎金的瑞典科學家、實業家諾貝爾相媲美,由此成為美國人心目中的英雄和個人奮斗的楷模。安德魯·卡耐基在1853年11月25日出生于蘇格蘭,1848年隨全家移民美國,12歲開始工作,先后當過紡織工人、郵遞員、鐵路書記等。卡耐基的第一份工作是繞線工,每周薪水1美元20美分。凡事不論大小,都要認真的去做。我12歲時做過紡織工人,我努力地要把紗紡好。后來我又做過郵差,我盡量記住我那郵區里每戶人家的姓名、住宅外貌,到后來幾乎我每一家都熟識了。努力把每一件小事情認真的做好它,以后才有人敢把大事情放心的交給你了。”安德魯·卡內基經歷了一系列的親人去世后,于1890年,他在《財富的福音》一書中宣布:“我不再努力掙更多的財富。”于是,他毅然從他那蓬勃發展的鋼鐵事業中引退,以5億美元的價格將卡內基鋼鐵公司賣給金融大王摩根。然后,他就開始實施他的把財富奉獻給社會的偉大計劃。
Words & Phrases
詞匯與短語
Words
charity 施舍,慈善
competitor 競爭者
disgrace 丟臉
endowment 捐款
fortune 財富,大量財產
generosity 慷慨,寬宏大量
investment 投資
noteworthy 顯著的,值得注目的
nucleus 中心
philanthropic 博愛的
untouched 不受感動的
Phrases
contribution to... 對......的貢獻
during periods of 在......期間
economic decline 經濟衰敗
fine arts 美術
for the benefit of...為......的利益
known as......作為......而出名
progress through hard 通過努力工作進步
result from...由......導致