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adj. 支付得起的，不太昂貴的
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錦囊妙計(jì)5：與文章主題相關(guān)的是解
有些題日以wh－開(kāi)頭，它們看似是細(xì)節(jié)題，但是答案短時(shí)間內(nèi)又不能在原文找到某句細(xì)節(jié)作依據(jù)。遇到這種題目時(shí)，可選擇與文章主題關(guān)系最密切的選項(xiàng)。
【例5】
At 19, when I began studying astrophysics, it did not bother me in the least to be the only woman in the classroom. But while earning my Ph.D. at MIT and then as a post-doctor doing space research, the issue started to bother me. My every achievement－jobs, research papers, awards－was viewed through the lens of gender (性別) politics. So were my failures. Sometimes, when I was pushed into an argument on left brain versus (相對(duì)于) right brain, or nature versus nurture (培育), I would instantly fight fiercely on my behalf and all womankind.
Q: What did the author constantly fight against while doing her Ph.D. and post-doctoral research? [2007.6／T59]
A) Widespread misconceptions about nature and nurture.
B) People's stereotyped attitude towards female scientists.
C) Unfair accusations from both inside and outside her circle.
D) Lack of confidence in succeeding in space science.
【解析】原文沒(méi)有任何一句話(huà)直接與題干相關(guān)，因此“近義改寫(xiě)是解”行不通。這時(shí)，本錦囊就顯得特別有效。上文在原文中是第2段，從首段開(kāi)始就可以知道文章的主題與“性別歧視”問(wèn)題有關(guān)，根據(jù)這個(gè)主題篩選選項(xiàng)，就能發(fā)現(xiàn)選項(xiàng)B與該主題關(guān)系最密切。其中stereotyped attitude towards female是對(duì)“性別歧視”的另一種表述。這樣，即使問(wèn)題與答案難以定位，抓住了文章主題，就可以確定選項(xiàng)B是本題答案。 [答案：B]
錦囊妙計(jì)6：排除法
有時(shí)題目和答案的設(shè)置比較隱蔽。想通過(guò)定位原文這種正面進(jìn)攻的方法找到答案耗時(shí)費(fèi)力，那么，不妨試試排除法。如果能證明選項(xiàng)中的三個(gè)與題干無(wú)關(guān)，而與文中的其他話(huà)題或內(nèi)容有關(guān)．這就可從反面確定剩下的那個(gè)選項(xiàng)為題目答案。
【例6】
Trying to criticize writing on the fly is possibly the single greatest barrier to writing that most of us encounter. If you are listening to that 5th grade English teacher correct your grammar while you are trying to capture a fleeting (稍縱即逝的) thought, the thought will die. If you capture the fleeting thought and simply share it with the world in raw form, no one is likely to understand. You must learn to create first and then criticize if you want to make writing the tool for thinking that it is.
The practice that can help you past your learned bad habits of trying to edit as you write" is what Elbow calls "free writing". In free writing, the objective is to get words down on paper non-stop, usually for 15-20 minutes. No stopping, no going back, no criticizing. The goal is to get the words flowing. As the words begin to flow, the ideas will come out from the shadows and let themselves be captured on your notepad or your screen.
Q: What prevents people from writing on is________. [2007.6／T63]
A) putting their ideas in raw form
B) trying to capture fleeting thoughts
C) attempting to edit as they write
D) ignoring grammatical soundness
【解析】本題題干的內(nèi)容非常隱蔽，在原文難以定位。我們可以從選項(xiàng)入手。發(fā)現(xiàn)選項(xiàng)A、B、D都是free writin9過(guò)程中應(yīng)該做的．也就是說(shuō)．它們是使寫(xiě)作者能不斷寫(xiě)出東西的方法，這與題干的要求正好相反，因此可以把它們排除掉。這樣，雖然我們可能仍然不能確定剩下的選項(xiàng)C與題干明確的關(guān)系，但排除了其他三個(gè)選項(xiàng)。也就等于從反面證明了選項(xiàng)C是唯一可選的選項(xiàng)了。 【答案：C】
| 重點(diǎn)單詞 | 查看全部解釋 | |||
| affordable | [ə'fɔ:dəbl] |
想一想再看 |
聯(lián)想記憶 | |
| attractive | [ə'træktiv] |
想一想再看 adj. 有吸引力的，引起注意的 |
聯(lián)想記憶 | |
| nurture | ['nə:tʃə] |
想一想再看 n. 養(yǎng)育，照顧，教育，滋養(yǎng)，營(yíng)養(yǎng)品 |
||
| contrary | ['kɔntrəri] |
想一想再看 adj. 相反的，截然不同的 |
聯(lián)想記憶 | |
| minutes | ['minits] |
想一想再看 n. 會(huì)議記錄，(復(fù)數(shù))分鐘 |
||
| tend | [tend] |
想一想再看 v. 趨向，易于，照料，護(hù)理 |
||
| constantly | ['kɔnstəntli] |
想一想再看 adv. 不斷地，經(jīng)常地 |
||
| certain | ['sə:tn] |
想一想再看 adj. 確定的，必然的，特定的 |
||
| plain | [plein] |
想一想再看 n. 平原，草原 |
||
| confidence | ['kɔnfidəns] |
想一想再看 adj. 騙得信任的 |
聯(lián)想記憶 |
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