評論
打印
Key to Model Test One
Part I Writing
【寫作思路】
本文是一篇關于擇業的議論文。短文需要說明慎重擇業相當重要，并提出多種指導擇業的方法。
【參考范文】
Choosing an Occupation
One of the most important problems a young person faces is deciding what to do. There are some people, of course, who from the time are six years old “know” that they want to be doctors or pilots or fire fighters, but the majority of us do not get around to making a decision about an occupation or career until somebody or something forces us to face the problem。
Choosing an occupation takes time, and there are a lot of things you have to think about as you try to decide what you would like to do. You may find that you will have to take special courses to qualify for a particular kind of work, or you may find out that you will need to get actual work experience to gain enough knowledge to qualify for a particular job。
Fortunately, there are a lot of people you can turn to for advice and help in making your decision. At most schools, there are teachers who are professionally qualified to give you detailed information about job qualifications. And you can talk over your ideas with family members and friends who are always ready to listen and to offer suggestions。
Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)
1.【解析】［Y］該句的意思是巨大的河流改道水利工程使得咸海縮小。從第二段的中間兩句話可得出結論。Thirty years ago, government planners diverted the rivers that flow into the sea in order to irrigate(provide water for)farmland. As a result, the sea has shrunk to half its original size, stranding ships on dry land。與原文意思相同。
2.【解析】［N］該句句意為：巨壩和灌溉工程的建設好處多于壞處。解題依據為本文第三段第二句話But many countries continue to build massive dams and irrigation systems, even though such projects can create more problems than they fix. (雖然產生更多問題，許多國家仍繼續建巨壩和灌溉工程。)由此可知，壞處多于好處，所以該題與原文之意不符合。
3.【解析】［Y］該句句意為：缺水的主要原因是人口增長和水污染。本題解題依據可定位到本文第四段第一句話 Growing populations will worsen problems with water... 及第十一段第一句話But almost everyone contributes to water pollution. 兩者都是水資源缺乏的原因，與原文之意相符。
4.【解析】［Y］該句句意為：美國人面臨的有關水的問題為地下水的減少和污染。本題解題依據為第七段第二句話和第八段第三句話，這兩句話加在一起即為美國人所面臨的水資源方面的問題，與原文之意相符。
5.【解析】［N］該句句意為：根據這篇文章，所有水的污染都來自于家庭廢棄物。本題解題依據為第十一段最后一句話...70 percent of the pollutants could be traced to household waste (百分之七十的污染物源于家庭廢棄物)，據此，本題之意與原文之意不符合。
6.【解析】［N］該句句意為：美國人將不會面臨缺水問題。該題解題依據為文章第七段第二句話 But Americans could face serious water shortages, too, especially in areas that rely on groundwater, 顯然本題之意與原文之意不符合。
7.【解析】［NG］該句句意為：水利專家Gleick 提供了與水相關的最佳解決方案。根據本文第十三段第一句話所述，專家Gleick 并未提供任何最佳解決方案。
8.【解析】one-third 解題依據為第四段最后一句話：He fears that by the year 2025, as many as one?third of the world’s projected 8.3 billion people will suffer from water shortages。
9.【解析】glaciers and ice caps 解題依據為第五段第二句話：Two-thirds of this freshwater is locked in glaciers and ice caps。
10.【解析】water pollution 解題依據為第十段第二句話：Toxic chemicals pollute water when released untreated into rivers and lakes。
Part III Listening Comprehension
Section A
11.W∶ I just saw an ad on television that said men’s suits were on sales today and tomorrow at Conrad’s Men’s Wear。
M∶Great! That’s just what I’ve been waiting for。
Q∶What will the man probably do?
【解析】［D］男士說男士套裝的特價銷售正是他一直等待著的。所以從他的態度可判斷，他要去買件男裝。
12.W:Is John really ill?
M:It’s hard to say. I doubt there’s anything wrong with him physically。
Q: What does the man mean?
【解析】［A］從男士的話“我懷疑約翰的身體沒有任何問題。”中可看出答案。
13.M:Do you know if the book shop is still open?
W:Yes, it’s open till six。
Q:When do you think this conversation took place?
【解析】［A］女士說書店現在還開著，一直開到六點呢，說明現在的時間是在六點之前。
14.M:Of the two houses we saw today, which do you prefer?
W:I think the white one is prettier, but the brick one has a bigger yard, so I like it better。
Q:Why does the woman like the brick house better than the white house?
【解析】［C］女士明確指出 the brick one has a bigger yard, so I like it better。
15. M:Honey, we’ll have a guest from Australia, a friend of mine. He’ll stay in California for two weeks。
W:Yes. Your friend Andy. He was your classmate at London University, wasn’t he?
Q:What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?
【解析】［C］男士稱女士為 honey, 證明兩人關系親密，由此可判斷兩人關系為夫妻。
16.M: When will the meeting begin?
W:According to the schedule it should be at 9:30. It will last for an hour and a half。
Q:When will the meeting be closed?
【解析】［B］根據女士所說的話，根據時刻表會議9∶30開始，持續一個半小時，那么即11：00結束。
17. W:If I were you, I would take a plane instead of a bus. It will take you forever to go there。
M:But flying makes me so nervous。
Q: What does the man prefer to do?
【解析】［C］ 女士建議男士乘飛機，男士回答說飛行讓他精神緊張，說明男士還是愿意乘坐公共汽車。
18. W:I’ve been thinking about my cousin a lot today。
M:Why not go over for a visit?來源：考試大
Q:What does the man mean?
【解析】［A］男士說的 Why not go over for a visit 即是在建議女士去看望她的堂兄。
Now you’ll hear two long conversations。
Conversation One
W:OK, last night you were supposed to read an article about human bones. Are there any comments about it?
M:Well, to begin with, I was surprised to find out there was so much going on in bones. I always assumed they were pretty lifeless。
W:Well, that’s an assumption many people make. But the fact is bones are made of dynamic living tissue that requires continuous maintenance and repair。
M:Right. That’s one of the things I found so fascinating about the article the way the bones repair themselves。
W:OK. So can you tell us how the bones repair themselves?
M:Sure. See, there are two groups of different types of specialized cells in the bone that work together to do it. The first group goes to an area of the bone that needs repair. This group of cells produces the chemical that actually breaks down the bone tissue, and leaves a hole in it. After that the second group of specialized cells comes and produces the new tissue that fills in the hole that was made by the first group。
W:Very good. This is a very complex process. In fact, the scientists who study human bones don’t completely understand it yet. They are still trying to find out how it all actually works. Specifically, because sometimes after the first group of cells leaves a hole in the bone tissue, for some reason, the second group doesn’t completely fill in the hole. And this can cause real problems. It can actually lead to a disease in which the bone becomes weak and is easily broken。
M:OK, I get it. So if the scientists can figure out what makes the specialized cells work, maybe they can find a way to make sure the second group of cells completely fills the hole in the bone tissue every time. That’ll prevent the disease from ever occurring。
Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard。
19.What is the discussion mainly about?
【解析】［C］對話一開始就談論人類骨骼的問題，女士說 But the fact is bones are made of dynamic living tissue that requires continuous maintenance and repair. 后面的對話都是針對這個話題展開的討論，可見整個對話討論的話題是骨骼的自我修復能力。
20.What is the function of the first group of specialized cells discussed in the talk?
【解析】［C］男士解釋了第一組細胞的作用，第一組細胞生成一種化學物質分解骨組織(This group of cells produces the chemical that actually breaks down the bone tissue.。.)，由此可見答案是They break down bone tissue。
21.What does the professor say about scientists who study the specialized cells in human bones?
【解析】［B］女士說這種特殊細胞作用于人類骨骼的過程相當復雜，事實上，連研究人類骨骼的科學家都不能完全了解這個過程。從這一句中可以知道：In fact, the scientists who study human bones don’t completely understand it yet. 所以答案即是這些科學家也不完全知道這些細胞如何工作。
22.According to the student, which is one important purpose of studying specialized cells in human bones?
【解析】［A］學習這些人類骨骼中的特殊細胞的重要目的是為了學習如何預防骨頭疾病。從男士的這一句話中可看出：That’ll prevent the disease from ever occurring. 這樣可以在疾病發生之前預防疾病，可見［A］符合題意。
Conversation Two
M: Hi Diana, mind if I sit down?
W: Not at all, Jerry. How have you been?
M:Good. But I’m surprised to see you on the city bus. Your car in the shop?
W:No. I’ve just been thinking a lot about the environment lately. So I decided the air will be a lot cleaner if we all use public transportation when we could。
M:I’m sure you are right. The diesel bus isn’t exactly pollution free。
W:True. They’ll be running a lot cleaner soon. We were just talking about that in my environmental engineering class。
M:What could the city do? Install pollution filters in all their buses?
W:They could, but those filters make the engines work harder and really cut down on the fuel efficiency. Instead they found a way to make their engines more efficient。
M: How?
W:Well, there is a material that’s a really good insulator. And a thin coat of it gets sprayed on the certain part of the engine。
M: An insulator?
W:Yeah. What it does is reflect back the heat of burning fuel. So the fuel will burn much hotter and burn up more completely。
M:So a lot less unburned fuel comes out to pollute the air。
W:And the bus will need less fuel. So with the saving on fuel cost, they say this will all pay for itself in just six months。
M:Sounds like people should all go out and get some this stuff to spray their car engines。
W:Well, it’s not really that easy. You see, normally, the materials are fine powder. To melt it so you can spray a coat of it on the engine parts, you first have to heat it over 10,000 degrees and then, well, you get the idea. It’s not something you or I will be able to do ourselves。
Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard。
23.What is the conversation mainly about?
【解析】［C］女士說為了環保應該多乘坐公共交通設備，因此之后的話題便圍繞如何節能保護環境的問題展開。這段對話主要討論的是公共汽車的節能問題，討論了如何讓公共汽車燃料更有效的利用，因此［C］符合題意。
24.Why did the woman decide to ride the city bus?
【解析】［B］對話開頭部分就交代了此題答案，那位女士說她不開自己的車而乘坐公共汽車是為了降低環境污染。從她提到的So I decided the air will be a lot cleaner if we all use public transportation when we could 即可得知。
25.What is the new material?
【解析】［D］這種新的材料是在引擎部位噴灑的一種絕緣材料。從女士的話中there is a material that’s a really good insulator. And a thin coat of it gets sprayed on the certain part of the engine即可得出。這種材料的用途是將燃料燃燒的熱量反射回去，從而達到提高效率的結果。
Section B
Passage One
A guide dog is a dog especially trained to guide a blind person. Dogs chosen for such training must show good intelligence, physical fitness, and responsibility。
At the age of about fourteen months, a guide dog begins an intensive course that lasts from three to five months. It becomes accustomed to the leather harness and stiff leather handle it will wear when guiding its blind owner. The dog learns to watch traffic and to cross streets safely. It also learns to obey any command that might lead its owner into danger。
The most important part of the training course is a four-week program in which the guide dog and its future owner learn to work together. However, many blind people are unsuited by personality to work dogs. Only about a tenth of the blind find a guide dog useful。
Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard。
26. How long does the intensive course last?
【解析】［A］文中明確提到an intensive course that lasts from three to five months，因此正確答案為 ［A］。
27.Which of the following is not a necessary skill guide dogs have to learn?
【解析】［D］答案依據是The dog learns to watch traffic and to cross streets safely. It also learns to obey any command that might lead its owner into danger. 從這兩句中可看出看家不屬于導盲犬訓練范圍內的技能。
28.How long does the most important training course last?
【解析】［C］最重要的訓練課程持續四周。文中明確指出了本題答案。The most important part of the training course is a four-week program，從此句中即可看出。
Passage Two
People dream four to six times a night. They dream while they are in the REM stage of sleep, which means rapid eye movement stage in one’s sleep. Sleepers go into the REM stage about every 90 minutes. The first dream of the night may last about ten minutes. Each dream gets a little longer. The last dream of the night may be an hour long。
People need their dreams. Younger children spend more time dreaming. Babies spend almost half of their sleep in the REM stage。
One experiment showed that everyone needs to dream. Doctors gave some people sleeping pills. These sleeping pills didn’t let them go to REM sleep. After a few nights without dreams, they began to feel bad. They became angry easily, they worried a lot, and they wanted to fight with everyone. Then they stopped taking the sleeping pills. They all began to dream all night for a few nights to catch up。
Why do people dream? Dreams give them time to find the answers to some of their problems. If they think they will have difficult problems the next day, they may spend more time on REM sleep the night before. In their dreams, they may find an answer to their problems。
Questions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard。
29.How often does a person dream each night?
【解析】［B］文章一開始即交待了一個人一晚上要做夢四到六次。從第一句就可看出People dreams four to six times a night。因此，答案為［B］。
30.What is true according to this passage?
【解析】［D］安眠藥會阻止人們進入REM睡眠狀態。These sleeping pills didn’t let them go to REM sleep?？煽闯?［D］項正確。
31.Why do people dream?
【解析】［D］文中明確給出了答案Dreams give them time to find the answers to some of their problems。因為在夢中人可以找到自己的問題的答案。
Passage Three
O.K., everybody. Can we start the meeting now? I’m Jeff Milton, the chairperson of the Graduation Committee for this year. You’ve all been selected as representatives to plan the graduation ceremonies. I’m sending around the sheet of paper for you to fill in your name and telephone number. Also, please write down what part of the ceremonies you would like to work on. Remember, as a representative, you will have a lot of responsibilities. So only sign up if you feel you have the time to participate. When everyone has finished writing down the information, please return the paper to me. At our next meeting one week from today, we’ll start to discuss the details of the ceremonies。
Questions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard。
32.Who is the speaker?
【解析】［C］從文章開頭說話者的自我介紹就可以知道他是這個委員會的主席。
33.What is the purpose of the meeting?
【解析】［D］在座的代表都是被選來計劃畢業典禮的事。
34.What should the students write on the paper?
【解析】［A］在座的學生應該在表格上填寫姓名、電話以及工作意向。
35.When is the next meeting?
【解析】［B］從這句話At our next meeting one week from today可知下次會議在下周召開。
