評論
打印
2. 細節理解題
細節理解題是四級閱讀理解中最常見的考試題型,因此教育題材的閱讀題型也不例外。在回答此類題目時,應采用查讀法(Scanning)。這類題目常以以下疑問代詞或疑問副詞提問,如who, what, when, where, why以及how等。這些題目往往不采用文章的原話提問,而是使用同義詞語、同義轉述等。因此,在選擇答案前應首先看準題干、看清題目所問;然后,查讀時注意尋找與題目相關的關鍵詞;最后,在充分理解原文和題干的基礎上確定正確答案。
例如:2005年1月的試題。
Some Japanese parents believe that if their young children attend a university-based program, it will in-crease the children’s chances of eventually being admitted to top-rated schools and universities. Several more progressive programs have introduced free play as a way out for the heavy intellectualizing in some Japanese kindergartens.
Q: Why do some Japanese parents send their children to university-based kindergartens?
A) They can do better in their future studies.
B) They can accumulate more group experience there.
C) They can be individually oriented when they grow up.
D) They can have better chances of getting a first-rate education.
此段選自一篇學校教育題材的文章,主要是對比美日兩國的兒童教
育。此題是典型的細節題,根據題設中的university-based,答案可定位在第一句。if 引導的條件從句可看作結果,而其后的主句就是原因,只要將選項和主句進行對比,就可以選出D)。
綜上所述,如果考生平時對以上的教育問題有一定的了解,那么再閱讀此類文章時就易于把握整體大意,從而更好地解答題目。因此,考生平常在學習英語時,應該注重英美文化,尤其要關注教育方面的背景知識,從文化的角度入手輕松地學習英語以提高做題的準確性
Try out
If you want to teach your children how to say sorry, you must be good at saying it yourself, especially to your own children. But how you say it can be quite tricky. If you say to your children"I’m sorry I got angry with you, but ...", what follows that"but"can render the apology ineffective:"I had a bad day"or"your noise was giving me a headache"leaves the person who has been injured feeling that he should be apologizing for his bad behavior in expecting an apology. Another method by which people appear to apologize without actually doing so is to say "I’m sorry you’re upset"; this suggests that you are somehow at fault for allowing your-self to get upset by what the other person has done. Then there is the general, all-covering apology, which avoids the necessity of identifying a specific act that was particularly hurtful or insulting, and which the person who is apologizing should promise never to do again. Saying "I’m useless as a parent" does not commit a person to any specific improvement. These pseudo-apologies are used by people who believe saying sorry shows weakness. Parents who wish to teach their children to apologize should see it as a sign of strength, and therefore not resort to these pseudo-apologies. But even when presented with ex-amples of genuine contrition, children still need help to become aware of the complexities of saying sorry. A three-year-old might need help in understanding that other children feel pain just as he does, and that hitting a playmate over the head with a heavy toy requires an apology. A six-year-old might need reminding that spoiling other children’s expectations can require an apology. A 12-year-old might need to be shown that raiding the biscuit tin without asking permission is acceptable, but that borrowing his/her parents’ clothes without permission is not. (CET-4, 2005年12月)
1. If a mother adds "but" to an apology, ______.
A) she doesn’t feel that she should have apologized
B) she does not realize that the child has been hurt
C) the child may find the apology easier to accept
D) the child may feel that he owes her an apology
2. According to the author, saying "I’m sorry you’re upset "most probably means "______".
A) You have good reason to get upset
B) I’m aware you’re upset, but I’m not to blame
C) I apologize for hurting your feelings
D) I’m at fault for making you upset
3. It is not advisable to use the general, all-covering apology be-cause ______.
A) it gets one into the habit of making empty promises
B) it may make the other person feel guilty
C) it is vague and ineffective
D) it is hurtful and insulting
