Passage 3
　　There is a popular belief among parents that schools are no longer interested inspelling .No school I have taught in has ever _____ spelling or considered it unimportantas a basic skill. There are, however , vastly different ideas about how to teach it , or howmuch _____ it must be given over general language development and writing ability. Theproblem is , how to encourage a child to express himself freely and _____ in writing without holding him back with the complexities of spelling?If spelling become the only focal point of his teacher’s interest, clearly a __4__child will be likely to “play safe”. He will tend to write only words within his spelling range,choosing to avoid __5__ language. That’s why teachers often __6__ the early use ofdictionaries and pay attention to content rather than technical ability.I was once shocked to read on the bottom of a sensitive piece of writing abouta personal experience ：“ This work is __7__ !There are far too many spelling errors andyour writing is illegible( 難以辨認的 ).” It may have been a sharP__8__ of the pupil’stechnical abilities in writing, but it was also a sad reflection on the teacher who had omittedto read the essay, which __9__ some beautiful expressions of the child’s deePfeelings.The teacher was not wrong to draw attention to the errors, but if his priorities had centredon the child’s ideas, an expression of his disappointment with the presentation would havegiven the pupil more __10__ to seek improvement.
　　A)priority 　　B)criticism C)contained D)clearlyE)adventurous F ） discourage G)motivation 　　H)terribleI)ignored J)difficult 　　K)encourage L)expressedM)confidently 　　N)bright O)motive L)expressed

　　Answers:
　　1. 選 I ）。 由該句中的 has 可知，此處應填動詞過去式，且表達的含義應和后面的 consider…unimportant 相近，故應排除 contained 和 expressed而選擇 ignored 。
　　2. 選 A ）。 此處應填名詞，但能與后面 over 構成固定搭配的名詞只有 priority ，故排除 了 criticism 和 motivation 。
　　3. 選 M). 由空格前面的 and 可知，此處應填副詞和 freely 并列。從句意來理解，在沒有拼寫困難的情況下，怎樣鼓勵學生自由且 …… 地表達自己，選項中只有 confidently “自信地“符合題意。
　　4. 選 N ）。 很明顯這里應填形容詞，選項中 terrible ， difficult 后接事物名詞 something ，只有 adventurous 和 bright 可用來形容 somebody （ child )，再由后面的play safe“不冒險”，可排除adventurous而選擇bright。
　　5. 選 E ）。 由前一句中的 be likely to “ play safe ”和空格前的 avoid可以推知，此處所填詞的意思應與play safe表達的意思相反，故選項中只有adventurous符合題意。
　　6. 選 K ）。 很明顯此處應填動詞的一般現在時，可選項有 encourage和 persuade 。由 That’s why 知本句與前一句構成因果關系，而前一句說的是學生往往會用他們拼寫范圍內的詞寫文章，從而選擇避免用那些不會的詞，故由此可推知此句應理解為老師鼓勵學生用字典，因此排除 persuade 而選encourage。
　　7. 選 H ）。 此處應填形容詞。由空格后面的 too many spelling errors和illegible可知，這篇文章是寫的很糟，而不是很難理解。故排除difficult而選terrible。
　　8. 選 B ）。 此處應填名詞。由后半句中 a sad reflection on the teacher可知，前半句是在指責學生，故選項中只有criticism符合題意。
　　9. 選 C ）。 此處填動詞過去式，本句中由 which 引導的從句是對 essay的解釋，剩余選項中 contained 和 expressed ，根據句意，文章 …… 兒童內心感受的一些好的表達，故只有 contained 符合題意。
　　10. 選 G ）。 此處應填名詞。根據句意，如果老師更注重學生思想的表達的話，會給學生更大的動力去尋求提高；故排除 motive “動機，原因”而選 motivation 。
　　導讀：There is a popular belief among parents that schools are no longer interested in spelling.No school I have taught in has everI)ignored spelling or considered it unimportant （ Noschool…ever…considered it unimportant… 其中 I have taught in 作定語修飾 school“我教書的學校” ，“ it ” 指代的即為 spelling ， 可以看出作者要說的是學校沒有忽視spelling ） as a basic skill. There are, however （ 句意轉折說明問題不在于學校是否重視拼寫而是 how to teach it… ） , vastly different ideas about how to teach it, or how muchA)priority it must be given over general language development and writing ability. The problemis, how to encourage a child to express himself freely and M)confidently in writing with outholding him back with the complexities of spelling?If spelling become the only focal point of his teacher’s interest, clearly a N)bright childwill be likely to “play safe”( 這里的關鍵是理解 “ play safe” 的意思，從后句“只寫他會寫的單詞”可以看出他是怕拼錯，故 play safe 即為“為了保險” ) . He will tend to write onlywords within his spelling range, choosing to avoid E)adventurous language. That’s whyteachers often K)encourage the early use of dictionaries and pay attention to content ratherthan technical ability （ ＝ spelling ability ） .I was once shocked to read on the bottom of a sensitive piece of writing about a personalexperience ：“ This work( 根據后面一句的解釋，可知 this work 指的是 your writing 故第7 題填的詞應和 illegible 感情色彩保持一致 ) is H)terrible !There are far too many spellingerrors and your writing is illegible( 難以辨認的 ).” It may have been a sharPB) criticismof the pupil’s technical abilities in writing, but it was also a sad reflection （ 表明了作者不贊同的態度，他看到的是文章中包含的好的表達，并且說明只有這樣才能激勵學生不斷進步 ） on theteacher who had omitted to read the essay, which C)contained some beautiful expressions ofthe child’s deePfeelings. The teacher was not wrong to draw attention to the errors, but if hispriorities had centred on the child’s ideas, an expression of his disappointment with the presentationwould have given the pupil more G)motivation to seek improvement.

　　全文翻譯：家長們普遍認為中學現在已不再關注單詞的正確拼寫了。但我所教過的學校從來沒有忽視過拼寫，或就一種基本技能來說從沒有認為它不重要。然而對于怎么來教拼寫或者是從提高整個語言的發展和寫作能力方面來說，把拼寫放在什么樣優先的地位存在著許多不同的看法。所存在的問題是，在寫作當中怎樣鼓勵孩子不要讓復雜的拼寫來影響他流暢地，自信地表達自己的思想。如果字的拼寫成為老師關心的惟一焦點，很明顯，聰明的孩子很可能就會為“保險起見”，只寫一些他會寫的字，避免因冒險而出錯的語言。那就是為什么老師常常鼓勵學生很早就要使用字典，而且寫作時重視內容而非拼寫技能。有一次我非常震驚，在一篇描寫個人經歷的感情細膩的文章后面讀到了這些話：“這篇糟透了！單詞拼寫錯誤太多。自己很難辨認！”這對于一個學生的寫作技能也許是一次尖銳的批評，但它同時也悲哀地反映出那位老師忽視了去閱讀一篇包含了表達孩子內心感情的文章。老師注意到了這些問題并沒有錯，但是如果他把重點放在關注孩子的思想上，只表示出他對孩子的拼寫錯誤有點失望，就會給學生更大的動力去進一步提高。