How to Correct Mistakes in Language Learning?

　　In order to learn a foreign language well, it is necessary to overcome the fear of making mistakes. If the basic goal of language use is communication, then mistakes are secondary considerations that may be dealt with gradually as realization of those mistakes increase. On the other hand, students should not ignore their mistakes.①The language learner may observe how native speakers express themselves, and how native expressions differ from the way the learner might say them. For example, a Spanish speaker who has been saying “I do it” to express willingness to do something in the immediate future, could, by interacting with native speakers of English, observe that native speakers actually say “I’ll do it”. The resulting difference can serve as a basis for the student to correct his way of using the present tense in English. But a student who is unwilling to interact in the first place would lose this opportunity to learn by trial and error.② ［167 words］

　　行文點評

　　整個段落可以分成兩個層次。首先指明對錯誤正確認識的第一步，不應該懼怕錯誤，如果學習語言是為了交流，那錯誤就應該成為次要被考慮的問題。而另一方面(on the other hand)，引出第二步，即有了錯誤也不能置之不理。最好的辦法就是在交流中學習，從錯誤中提高。

　　文章語言平實，簡潔有力。整篇文章只有一段但是內部層次分明，條理清楚。

　　好文妙譯

　　語言學習中如何改錯？

　　為了學好一門外語，有必要先克服對錯誤的恐懼。如果使用語言的基本目標是交流，那么錯誤就是次要被考慮的問題，我們可以隨著對其認識的深化而逐漸加以克服。另一方面，學生們不應該忽略他們的錯誤。語言學習者可以觀察說本族語的人是如何表達自己的，以及這些地道的表達法和學習者可能說出來的表達有何不同。比如，一個西班牙人在表達自己愿意在不久的將來做某事時用的是I do it，而當我們與英語是母語的人交流時，就會注意到那個人實際上說的是I’ll do it。由此導致的差別可以作為參照來糾正學生對于英文中現在時態(tài)的用法。但是一個從開始就不愿與人交流的學生將會失去這種通過不斷摸索進行學習的機會。

　　佳句臨摹

　　①【注釋】on the other hand很多情況下和on the one hand連用，表示同時存在的兩個方面。

　　【臨摹】I never could memorize poetry. On the other hand, I remember numbers. I never forget an address or a date.我從來記不住詩歌，但我卻記得數字，我從不會忘記一個地址或日子。

　　②【注釋】by trial and error反復試驗，不斷摸索

　　【臨摹】Knowing as little as we do, there is no course open to us but trial and error.我們這樣知之甚少，除了不斷摸索別無出路。

　　思如泉涌

　　Man errs so long as he strives. 人只要奮斗就會犯錯誤。

　　To err is human, to forgive, divine. 人非圣賢，孰能無過。

　　He who makes no mistakes makes nothing. 想不犯錯誤，就一事無成。

　　A fault confessed is half redressed. 知錯能改，善莫大焉。