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No one teaches you how to be a good employee or manager. So what do you do once you graduate with plenty of knowledge about your degree field, but a blank slate about how to push the needle in the office?
沒有人教你如何成為一個好的員工或經理，所以當你懷著很多專業知識畢業卻沒有在辦公室工作的經驗時，你該怎么辦呢?
In these days of endless distractions from technology and too much to do, the workplace winners are often those who can get the most done in the least time – in other words, the most productive.
現在有很多科技讓人分心又有很多事要做，職場贏家往往是那些在最短的時間內做最多事的人，換句話說，也就是最具生產力的人。
Consider these timeless tips from business thought leaders on how new grads and veteran desk jockeys alike can give better on-the-job performance:
考慮以下這些經久不衰的建議，這是關于企業領導告訴畢業生和學生該如何在職場取得更好的表現的：
1.Manage Interruptions
1.處理干擾
To have time for what matters, you must learn to manage minutiae. Many people think it is optimal to juggle multiple tasks at once, but the truth is you aren't iron man. The brain has to switch gears between tasks, and this lowers your efficiency and performance.
為了有時間做重要的事，你必須學會處理一些細枝末節。很多人認為在同一時間處理多種任務是最理想的，但是事實是你又不是鋼鐵俠，大腦在不同的任務間切換會降低你的效率和表現。
One of the biggest interrupters is technology. Although tech-toys can sometimes help you do your job better, at other times they take you off-point and off-task. Email isn't work. Stop checking your iPhone, Twitter, text and inbox all the time, and you will automatically double your productivity.
最大的干擾之一就是科技。盡管一些技術小工具有時能幫助你把工作做得更好，但有時候它們也會影響你的任務。收發郵件并不是工作。別再看手機、微博、短信和收件箱了，這樣你的工作效率自然就會提高起來。
Another tactic is to force yourself to eliminate all distractions during set periods during the work day. This means choosing some time blocks to silence email and cell phones, disable "push" notifications and turn off instant messaging. We mistakenly think that the most productive way to work is to be in constant communication with others. But it is only through disconnecting and focusing that we can truly be our most productive.
另一條策略就是強制自己在工作日的特定時間段中遠離干擾物。這意味著對郵件和手機設置靜音提醒，停止消息推送功能以及關閉即時通信功能。我們錯誤地認為最具效率的工作方式就是與別人進行及時溝通，但是正是通過不聯系和集中注意才能讓我們真正變得有效率。
2.Don't Major in the Minors
2.不要拘泥于次要的事
No matter what your job is, chances are you have too much to do in too little time. Without an efficient system for prioritizing your projects, you may quickly find yourself buried and behind.
無論你的工作是什么，你都必須在有限的時間內做很多事。如果沒有一個有效的處理分配任務的系統，你將很快發現自己落后于人。
You should make sure you don't neglect projects that you would prefer not to do. It is easy to back burner the undesirable tasks and those are the ones – always unfinished or rushed – that get us into trouble.
千萬不要忽視那些你不想做的事。往往是那些我們不想做或未完成或匆匆了事的任務容易給我們帶來麻煩。
Before you start your work day, think about what your high-leverage and low-leverage activities are. For the low-leverage activities, such as sending an email, perfection isn't necessary. When you can accomplish these minor tasks more efficiently, you'll have the time you need to do those major tasks justice.
在每天工作之前，首先想清楚哪些活動的影響力高，哪些低。對于那些影響不是很大的事，比如發一個郵件，不需要追求完美。當你能更高效地完成這些次要任務，你就有更多時間去做那些對你影響很大的事了。
3.Use Reverse Technology
3.與科技背道而馳
New grads were practically born emailing, and have no trouble with Facebook and texting. But these forms of communication are much more impersonal than what you can achieve by actually meeting with people.
新畢業生尤其擅長電郵，臉書和短信等技術，但是這些溝通方式比起親自溝通來說會顯得比較冷漠。
You would often get frustrated after not receiving a response to an email for several days, forgetting that sometimes all it takes is a simple phone call or walking to someone else's desk to get answers.
如果你發出去的郵件幾天都沒有收到回復，你一定會感到十分受挫。但有時你只需要簡單的一個電話或是直接走去對方的辦公桌就可以得到答案。
Take the time to do things the old school way. Meeting with someone face-to-face does wonders for working relationships.
試一試以前用的老辦法吧，與人面對面交流對人際關系十分有助?！?/div>
4.Utilize "Mini-Mentors"
4.利用“迷你導師”
When you're just starting your career, it's unlikely you'll have a mentor, because it takes experience in the workplace to develop true mentoring relationships. However, that doesn't mean you can't find people to help you navigate your new job. It is suggested finding "mini-mentors" in your office – people who can help you with a small part of your job.
當你剛剛開始你的工作時，不可能會有導師，因為發展真正的導師關系需要花很多經驗。但是，那并不意味著你不能找到人幫助你指導你的新工作。建議你可以在辦公室中找一位“迷你導師”——能在部分工作中幫到你的人。
A mentor is not just that one experienced executive who has reached great career successes. They come in many shapes and forms. Try calling on specific mini-mentors for discreet projects, like interviewing or salary negotiations. Having an expert to call on for these simple things can help you accomplish more without always having to rely on help from your boss or one single mentor.
一個導師并不只是一位擁有巨大的事業成功且經驗豐富的執行官，他們是多種多樣的。試著找到不同項目的專門的迷你導師，比如說面試或薪資商議。讓這些專業人士來幫助你完成這些簡單的事能讓你不在上司或同一個導師的幫助下也能完成更多任務。
5.Unplug as Needed
5.拔掉“工作插頭”休息一下
One of the simplest and most effective ways to work smarter is by getting enough rest. While coffee and sugar give employees a temporary energy boost, an adequate night's rest drives efficient, high-quality performance throughout the day.
最簡單也是最有效的方式之一就是好好休息?？Х群吞亲寙T工有短暫的精神復原，而一整晚的好好休息能讓第二天的工作表現更好。
World class performers are aware that human beings need recovery strategies if they are going to be at their best day in and day out. When it comes to getting big results, the best employees cut back on traditional work time to allow their creative minds to operate at greater capacity.
世界級的執行者都知道人們如果想要有狀態很好的一天的話需要精力恢復策略。如果要做什么比較重要的事的話，最佳員工往往需要減少傳統工作時間來讓靈感和創意達到最佳水平。
