評論
打印
The permanent household registration system, or hukou, is always an issue for college graduates when job hunting. It determines to what extent one can enjoy the social welfare of the city one works in, and affects property investment and even car purchases.
大學畢業生求職時通常會遭遇戶口難題。戶口決定了一個人在其工作城市享有社會福利的程度，此外還會影響到購置房產，甚至是買車。
In the following article, hukou policies in various cities are explained as a helpful reference for students.
下文中，我們會詳細盤點一下各個城市的戶籍政策，以便畢業生參考。
Beijing
北京
A hukou in the country’s capital is no easy catch.
想拿到首都的戶口絕非易事。
Even if you graduated with a bachelor’s degree from a Beijing-based university, you cannot get a local hukou if you are over 24 years old, according to the latest policy issued by the municipal government.
北京市政府新出臺的政策規定，北京各大高校本科畢業生年齡超過24歲的將無法取得北京戶口。
Those who join the civil service at a ministerial level will automatically get a Beijing hukou.
考入部級單位的公務員則可自動落戶。
Students who join high-tech or manufacturing companies in the Tongzhou, Yizhuang or Shunyi development areas are not subject to quota limitations and can get a hukou if eligible. (www.bjld.gov.cn/)
就職于通州、亦莊和順義開發區高科技公司或制造企業的畢業生則不受此限制，符合要求即可在京落戶。(詳情請登錄北京市人力資源和社會保障局官網：www.bjld.gov.cn/)
Tianjin
天津
Graduates who work for private companies based in either Tianjin or Xi’an for two years following their graduation can apply for a local hukou in the respective city. (www.tj.lss.gov.cn)
本科生畢業后就職于天津或西安的私企滿兩年即可申請當地戶口。(詳情請登錄天津市人力資源和社會保障局官網：www.tj.lss.gov.cn)
Wuhan
武漢
Earlier last month, Wuhan lifted a limitation on the number of graduates who can settle down in the city. Graduates who are employed or start a business in Wuhan within two years after their graduation can move their hukou to the city. Graduates from much needed majors, including automobiles, steel, petrochemical engineering and logistics, can transfer their hukou to Wuhan before starting to look for a job.
上月月初，武漢市明確取消高校畢業生落戶名額限制。畢業兩年內在武漢就(創)業的高校畢業生,均可辦理落戶手續。汽車、鋼鐵、石油化工、物流等緊缺專業畢業生也可“先落戶后就業”。
To attract new talent, the city has incorporated graduates into the basic housing security. Employers can help graduates apply for basic housing, rents for which are 30 percent cheaper compared with the market price. (www.whrsj.gov.cn)
為吸引人才，武漢市還將高校畢業生納入全市基本住房保障范圍。用人單位可協助畢業生申請公租房，其房租要比市場價格低30%。(詳情請登錄武漢市人力資源和社會保障局官網：www.whrsj.gov.cn)
Shanghai
上海
According to the Shanghai municipal government, graduate applicants for a local hukou must have obtained 425 points or above in the CET4 exam and provide a certificate of their computer skills. In order to apply for hukou on behalf of their employees, companies must have a registered capital of more than 1 million yuan. In addition to these hurdles, Shanghai has been operating a “points system” since 2004. Applicants gain points by meeting certain requirements or having certain skills, much like the points system for immigrating to another country. For instance, graduating with a much needed major or from a “211 project” institution, or working in a key industry offers extra points. Once they reach the necessary number of points, applicants are on their way to becoming official Shanghai residents. (www.12333sh.gov.cn)
據上海市政府表示，本科畢業生申請上海戶口，大學英語四級考試成績必須達到425分以上(含425分)并持有計算機證書。代表員工申請上海戶口的用人單位，注冊資金必須超過一百萬元人民幣。除這些留滬限制外，上海市自2004年起便采用了“打分制”。就如同移民時的評分制度一樣，申請人需達到要求或持有一定的技能才可得分。例如，畢業于“211”院校、就讀于稀缺專業、亦或是就職于重點產業均可獲得額外加分。一旦達到了標準分數，申請人便可申請落戶上海了。(詳情請登錄上海市人力資源和社會保障局官網：www.12333sh.gov.cn)
Chengdu
成都
Chengdu canceled its limitation on the number of graduates who can move to the city years ago. Graduates can apply for a local hukou using their graduation certificate, diploma and labor contract, according to Wang Wei, deputy director of the Chengdu Human Resources and Social Security Bureau.(www.cdhrss.gov.cn)
成都市人力資源和社會保障局副局長王為(音譯)表示，成都市早在幾年前便取消了高校畢業生落戶限制。畢業生可憑畢業證、學位證和勞動合同來申請落戶。(詳情請登錄成都市人力資源和社會保障局官網：www.cdhrss.gov.cn)
Xiamen
廈門
Years ago, Xiamen launched its talent reservoir project. Students with a master’s degree can apply for a local hukou, regardless of whether they are employed or not. Those with a bachelor’s degree in automation, automobiles, mechanics, construction engineering or aviation can also get a hukou before looking for a job in Xiamen. (www.xmhrss.gov.cn)
幾年前，廈門市啟動了人才儲備項目。無論就業與否，碩士畢業生均可申請廈門戶口。自動化、汽車、機械、建筑或航空專業的本科畢業生可在廈門先落戶后就業。(詳情請登錄廈門市人力資源和社會保障局官網：www.xmhrss.gov.cn)
Shenzhen
深圳
In order to attract talent to the special economic zone, Shenzhen issued a special policy for designated majors (including economics, law, literature, chemical engineering, and material engineering) from China’s top 38 institutions (such as Peking University, Tsinghua University, and Renmin University of China) whose graduates can apply for a hukou immediately after graduating. There are no further conditions, except for a minimum CET 4 exam score of 420. (www.szhrss.gov.cn)
為吸引人才，深圳特區針對國內38所名牌大學(如北京大學、清華大學和中國人民大學)的指定專業(包括經濟、法律、文學、化工和材料工程)的畢業生出臺了特殊政策，他們可在畢業后馬上申請深圳市戶口。除大學英語四級須達到420分外，再無其他限制。(詳情請登錄深圳市人力資源和社會保障局官網：www.szhrss.gov.cn)
