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2011年“很多人的咖啡館”在北京正式開業，這是一家由多人集資、管理的小店。如今越來越多的年輕人熱衷于這種集資創業模式，以此來降低創業風險。然而，事實真的如此嗎? Luo Yi is sitting back in a cafe near the University of International Business and Economics, just like everyone else. The difference is that the 25-year-old is also the owner of the cafe, along with other 133 peers.
羅毅(音譯)正愜意地坐在對外經貿大學旁邊的一間咖啡館中，看上去他和其他人并無兩樣。但不同之處就在于，25歲的他同另外133名同伴一起經營著這家咖啡館。
The cafe is called Our’s Cafe, it targets college students and young professionals in the neighborhood. And it is the result of a crowd-funding project to which 134 individuals contributed 2,000 yuan a share. Many students long to realize their dream of owning a company through this new method of starting up a business. But experts warn that crowd funding can be risky.
這家小店名叫“很多人的咖啡館”，顧客大都是大學生和在附近工作的年輕白領。作為集體集資的成果，在“很多人的咖啡館”這個項目里，134名股東每人投資了2000元。盡管很多學生都希望通過這種全新的創業方式來開公司的夢想，但專家表示，集資創業有風險。
Our’s Cafe started as a post on Douban.com in 2011, which proposed to raise funds for a cafe that would belong to every investor. Hundreds of netizens responded since it was an entirely new business model. “Our’s Cafe was the first project featuring crowd funding in China,” says Lou He, a Shanghai-based startup lawyer and a partner at Hiways Law Office.
“很多人的咖啡館”源于2011年發表在豆瓣上的一篇號召眾人集資做股東開咖啡館的帖子。這種全新的商業模式得到數百名網友的響應。來自上海的創業法律顧問、海華永泰律師事務所的合伙人婁鶴(音譯)律師表示：“‘很多人的咖啡館’是國內首個集體集資的創業項目。”
Being a pioneer means more hard work and detours. According to the Law of Corporation, the maximum number of shareholders in a limited liability company is 50. Since there were 134 investors, they had to agree on entrusted shareholding. It took a lot of time to work out their corporate policy.
第一個吃螃蟹的人注定付出更多努力、走更多彎路。按照《公司法》規定，有限責任公司股東人數上限為50人。由于“很多人的咖啡館”有134名股東，那么他們必須就委托持股協議達成一致。他們也要花大量時間來制定公司政策。
“Even though we trusted each other and invested our money before even signing any contracts, we think such a policy is necessary in the long run,” Guo Wenhui, a board member, says.
該咖啡館的董事會成員郭雯慧(音譯)表示：“雖然我們信任彼此，甚至在未簽署合同的情況下就先行投資，但是我們一致認為，從長遠角度來看，制定公司政策是十分必要的。”
To Luo Yi, 25, senior at Beihang University, the cafe is more than just a business - it gives him a sense of belonging.
就讀于北航大四年級、25歲的羅毅表示，對他而言，咖啡館不僅僅只是一門生意——更是給予他一種歸屬感。
“Our’s Cafe is like a second home for me, where shareholders have fun together and offer each other the warmth of family,” he says.
他說：“‘很多人的咖啡館’就像是我的第二個家。在這里，股東們分享快樂，給予對方家人般的溫暖。”
Wu Tong’s reasons for taking part in the project are different - the economics major at Peking University wanted to start her own business. The 24-year-old says that investing Our’s Cafe allowed her to see a start-up company from the inside.
談到為何加入這個項目，吳桐(音譯)則是別有初衷——現在北京大學攻讀經濟學專業的她一直想要開創自己的事業。24歲的她表示，投資“很多人的咖啡館”能夠讓她從內部了解一家新興企業。
“I download each month’s financial statement and board meeting summary to keep track of the state of operations,” she says.
她說：“我通過下載每月財務報表以及董事會會議紀要來跟進公司的運轉情況。”
Wu found that Our’s Cafe was being dragged down by the number of shareholders. “Everybody has a say in how the business should be run. The result is that we never reach an agreement or put anything into practice,” she says.
吳桐發現“很多人的咖啡館”因股東數量眾多而陷入困境。她說：“在如何運營方面，每個人都有發言權。結果導致我們永遠無法達成共識，更不要說任何的落實工作了。”
Han Fuling, professor and dean of the Applied Finance Department at the Central University of Finance and Economics, stressed the importance of a sensible organizational structure.
中央財經大學應用金融系主任韓復齡教授強調了合理的組織結構的重要性。
“In the long run, the absence of an organizational structure that allows shareholders to perform their functions will lead to the demise of a company,” he says.
她說：“從長遠角度來看，沒有一個讓股東行使職能的組織結構會導致公司破產。”
Han thinks that Our’s Cafe is unique because crow-funding projects are often based on a central idea, product or technology. In order to sustain a profitable development, he recommends Our’s Cafe build a clear brand image that a certain group of people can identify with. “That’s the only way a company can create repeat customers,” he says.
韓復齡認為，“很多人的咖啡館”之所以獨一無二，是因為集資項目往往是基于同一個核心理念、核心產品或技術建立起來的。為了持續盈利，他建議“很多人的咖啡館”應該建立一個獲得目標群體認同的、清晰的品牌形象。他說：“這是唯一能夠招攬回頭客的辦法。”
