日韩色综合-日韩色中色-日韩色在线-日韩色哟哟-国产ts在线视频-国产suv精品一区二区69

手機APP下載

您現在的位置: 首頁 > 在線廣播 > PBS高端訪談 > PBS訪談娛樂系列 > 正文

PBS高端訪談:年輕的大腦受益于音樂訓練

編輯:emma ?  可可英語APP下載 |  可可官方微信:ikekenet
  


掃描二維碼進行跟讀打分訓練

JOSH ARONSON: Vianey Calixto lives in one of the poorest neighborhoods of Los Angeles and like many of her friends she was struggling in school.
Vianey’s interest in learning music prompted her parents to enroll her in a music program in their neighborhood called the Harmony Project. In the three years since, much has changed in Vianey’s life.
VIANEY CALIXTO: Music is like a dialogue because we can play a certain thing - let’s say the violin can play something back –it could be the same melody different notes and it’s like a conversation talking back and forth.
JOSH ARONSON: Serving more than 2000 students with a budget of 2.5 million dollars, the mostly privately funded Harmony Project is filling a gap in low-income areas where schools have cut music education programs. Students getat least 5 hours of music classes and rehearsals each week year round. For poor students it’s tuition free including their instrument.
Fifty-nine-year-old Margaret Martin started the Harmony Project in 2001 after witnessing something on the streets of her hometown – Los Angeles.
MARGARET MARTIN: This party of badass LA gang members comes walking through a farmers’ market and stops to listen to a tiny kid playing Brahms on a tiny violin. They had shaved heads, tats, gang clothing, and attitude. After five or six minutes without saying a word to one another I watched those gang members pull out their own money and lay it gently in the child's case. Those gang members were teaching me that they would rather be doing what the child was doing than what they were doing but they never had the chance.
MARGARET MARTIN: Harmony Project is a researched based replicable program and we commit to our students for their entire childhood.
JOSH ARONSON: The programs are started purposely in tough inner city areas to serve children of poverty.
MARGARET MARTIN: We know that dropout rates are about 50 percent in the neighborhoods where we built Harmony Project Programs.
More than 80 percent of poor black and Hispanic kids do not read at grade level.
JOSH ARONSON: It’s well documented that children whose mothers have little education, are rarely being read to and verbal interaction is minimal. Scientists believe that this not only puts them behind in school but those children rarely catch up because their brains are not be developing as rapidly as the brains of more stimulated kids.
MARGARET MARTIN: Early sustained music learning is actually the frame upon which education itself can be built for low-income kids.
JOSH ARONSON: Margaret Martin was convinced of that because of the graduation rate of kids who have gone through her program. This year, she says, 93 percent of them finished high school in four years and went to college. But Martin acknowledges she does not have the formal training to prove that music helps kids grasp language better and become more proficient readers. So she enlisted the help of this woman. Her name is Dr. Nina Kraus. She is a neurobiologist at NorthwesternUniversity and for 25 years she has studied how the brain processes information – the neurobiology of auditory learning.
JOSH ARONSON: What is the connection between sound and reading?
DR. NINA KRAUS: Well there's a connection with sound and reading in that when you're learning to read you need to connect the sounds of words that you've heard for many years with the symbol on the page. So you're making a sound to meaning connection.
JOSH ARONSON: No one has ever proven conclusively that music improves learning, and some studies have found no link at all. But, after being contacted by Martin, the Northwestern scientist designed tests to measure the impact music had on this group of low-income kids.
Dr. Kraus started in 2011 with a group of 80 students from an LA gang zone. The students came from similar backgrounds and were all motivated to learn music at the Harmony Project. Half the kids were selected to start music study then and the other half, the control group, waited a year to begin. Dr. Kraus’s team took a mobile testing lab to LA at the beginning and then once a year for two years, to assess the change in the kids’ brain response in specific areas important for good reading and learning skills.
JOSH ARONSON: What are some of the tests like that you actually do on these kids to measure these things?
DR. NINA KRAUS: We’re very interested in children's rhythmic skills. And so we ask them to tap along with a steady rhythm.
So if you just present a beat like on a metronome and you ask a child to tap along with a beat, that ability is linked with reading ability.
LAB TECHNICIAN: Ready set go.
DR. NINA KRAUS: We ask them to listen to words or parts of words…
LAB TECHNICIAN: Imagine that you are at a party – there will be a woman talking and several other talkers in the background.
DR. NINA KRAUS: We ask them to listen sentences that are presented in noisy backgrounds and they have to repeat back as much of the sentence that they were able to hear…
SPEAKER RECORDING AND THEN KID IN THE LAB REPEATS: The pencil was cut to be sharp ….
DR. NINA KRAUS: And of course the background gets noisier and nosier andit gets harder and harder to hear the sounds.
CHILD IN LAB: A toad and a frog each had to tell a tale

重點單詞   查看全部解釋    
proficient [prə'fiʃənt]

想一想再看

adj. 熟練的,精通的

聯想記憶
impact ['impækt,im'pækt]

想一想再看

n. 沖擊(力), 沖突,影響(力)
vt.

聯想記憶
response [ri'spɔns]

想一想再看

n. 回答,響應,反應,答復
n. [宗

聯想記憶
poverty ['pɔvəti]

想一想再看

n. 貧困,貧乏

 
steady ['stedi]

想一想再看

adj. 穩定的,穩固的,堅定的
v. 使穩固

 
certain ['sə:tn]

想一想再看

adj. 確定的,必然的,特定的
pron.

 
stimulated

想一想再看

adj. 受激的 v. 刺激(stimulate的過去式

 
budget ['bʌdʒit]

想一想再看

n. 預算
vt. 編預算,為 ... 做預算

 
measure ['meʒə]

想一想再看

n. 措施,辦法,量度,尺寸
v. 測量,量

聯想記憶
assess [ə'ses]

想一想再看

v. 估定,評定

 
?
發布評論我來說2句

    最新文章

    可可英語官方微信(微信號:ikekenet)

    每天向大家推送短小精悍的英語學習資料.

    添加方式1.掃描上方可可官方微信二維碼。
    添加方式2.搜索微信號ikekenet添加即可。
    主站蜘蛛池模板: 下巴有个凹陷| 手机图片jpg格式转换器免费| 台湾电影网| 古曼 电影| 情人电影网| 张志忠主演电视剧| 奔跑吧第13季最新一期| 姜洋| 住院吸氧是一天24小时算钱吗| 郭云飞| 韩国电影闵度允主演电影| 朱莉与朱莉娅| 星武神诀| 艳女十八式无删除版| 生活片爱情电影大全| 王顺明| 王春宇| 闲章内容大全图片| 把乐带回家| 2024年月历| 大胆艺术| 诱惑热舞| 直播惊魂夜| 郭云飞| angelawhite在线av| 《爱的温暖》电影在线观看| 囧妈电影| 开运咒| 玛吉吉伦哈尔| 药品管理法试题| 三年片大全在线观看| 大丈夫日记| 烽火流金电视剧免费观看完整版| 在线播放免费观看| 追凶电影| 不速之客美国恐怖电影2014| 明日战记| 汪佳辉| 乐队的夏天 综艺| 电影《瞬间》| 追凶电影|