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We sign our names to various documents all the time. Some signatures seal a legal contract. Others pledge us to an action. Now a study finds that when and where someone sign a document can influence the likelihood of them being honest or cheating.
我們總是在各式各樣的文件上簽名。有些簽名證實合同開始生效。其它的簽名則代表對自己行為的承諾。最近有一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，簽署文件的時間地點會影響人們選擇誠實待人還是欺騙。
Scientists had people sign more than 13,000 auto insurance forms—one group signed at the top of the form, the other at the bottom. And those who signed at the top admitted to nearly 2,500 more miles of usage than those who signed at the bottom. Which translated into a $48 difference in annual premiums.
科學家們讓人們在超過一萬三千份汽車保險單上簽字——一組在表單頂部簽字，其他則在底部簽字。而相比那些在底部簽字的受試者，在頂部簽字的受試者承認的汽車行駛的里程要多幾乎兩千五百英里。體現(xiàn)在保費上的差異是每年48美元。
According to the researchers, because the top-signers put their names on the document before they were even tempted to fabricate information, they are less likely to act dishonestly. The study is in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
根據(jù)研究人員，因為在頂部簽字的人還沒來得及試圖捏造信息就已經(jīng)把名字簽上了。他們不太可能表現(xiàn)得不誠實。這項研究發(fā)表在《國家科學研究院學報》匯刊上。
Many people routinely deceive themselves to rationalize dishonest behavior. The $345-billion gap between what people should be paying in U.S. taxes and what they claim isn't just due to chronic liars. It also depends on normally honest people stretching the truth. Perhaps having taxpayers sign their forms before filling them out would cut down on that stretching.
許多人經(jīng)常自欺欺人，將不誠實的事實合理化。美國稅收有三千四百五十億美元缺口，他們聲稱不能把這僅僅歸罪于習慣性說謊者。因為一些誠實的人通常也會夸大事實。也許在讓納稅人在填表之前先簽上姓名會縮小夸大的事實。
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