1. The video posted on the internet by activists shows a crowd of angry mourners gathering around the bonnet of a white vehicle, which has the insignia of the Arab League emblazoned on it and appears to belong to the observers.

(1) 這句話的主干是The video shows a crowd of angry mourners。

(2) 主語有其修飾成分，即過分短語，表明是被活動分子發到網上的視頻。

(3) 賓語也有修飾成分，即現分短語，修飾哀悼者，即：聚集在一輛白色汽車的車前蓋旁的哀悼者。

(4) Vehicle，跟了非限制性定語從句。

(5) 句子成分分析如上，但實際翻譯時，考慮到(3)修飾定語有點長，且漢語動態的特點，所以整句話譯成“在活動分子在網上發的視頻中，悲憤的哀悼者們聚集在一輛白色汽車的車前蓋旁。車上裝飾著阿拉伯聯盟的徽章，表明此車屬于觀察員。”

2. The United States has said it won't tolerate any disruption by Iran of international shippings through the Strait of Hormuz in the Gulf.

(1) 這句話容易理解錯誤。disruption by Iran of international shippings, 其實應該是disruption of international shippings by Iran。這是因為disruption 常用of進行內容上的補充。所以應譯成“美國聲明不會容忍伊朗對通過波斯灣霍爾木茲海峽國際船隊的任何破壞行為”。一旦理解錯of短語修飾的是誰，這句話就會誤解。

3. Its response to the Iranian threat was measured but clear: any attempt to close the Strait of Hormuz through which around a third of the world's tanker traffic flows would not, the Pentagon said, be tolerated.

(1) measured的理解，衡量過的，也就是有分寸的，慎重的。

(2) 冒號后的主要成句是：any attempt would not be tolerated�？辞宄�主要成分，很會快速明白句子大意，且不會誤解。

(3) the Strait of Hormuz后面跟了個定語從句。說明了該海峽的重要性。

(4) 把握了句子結構，再運用常識及邏輯分析能力，應該能夠理解該句為“美國對伊朗的威脅的反應是有分寸的，清楚的：霍爾木茲海峽航線輸送著近三分之一的世界油輪運輸，任何關閉海峽的企圖都不會被容忍。”

4. The main parties in Bosnia have agreed to form a central government, ending a 14-month political crisis.

(1) ending a 14-month political crisis, 現在分詞短語做目的狀語，故譯為“波斯尼亞的主要政黨一致同意組成一個中央政府以結束長達14個月的政治危機。”

5. It was built over the spot where Christians believe which Jesus was born.

(1) 要注意It這個詞與它所指稱的對象很遠。所以對段落的理解，要前后連貫，有邏輯性。“這所教堂就建在被基督徒們認為是耶穌的誕生之地上。”