1、buffet: a meal at which people serve themselves from a table and then stand or sit somewhere else to eat 自助餐

2、takeaway
a、a restaurant that cooks and sells food that you take away and eat somewhere else 外賣餐館
b、a meal that you buy at this type of restaurant 外賣的飯菜；外賣食物

3、in retrospect: thinking about a past event or situation, often with a different opinion of it from the one you had at the time 回顧

4、under-capitalised: (about a business) not having enough money (capital) to be able to operate normally, pay debts and grow 資金不足。

5、Instead, she studied accountancy after leaving university, and a steadyifunspectacular professional path seemed set.

這個句子里if的用法比較少見，參見朗文的解釋：used when adding one criticism of a person or thing that you generally like

e.g: Lunch was a grand if rather noisy affair.

所以G選項的意思就是：然而，離開大學后她學的是會計，一個平淡無奇的職業道路似乎已經鋪就。