新GRE閱讀語法中分詞作狀語結(jié)構(gòu)精講。語法是學(xué)習(xí)一門語言的精髓,想要學(xué)好英語,首先就要掌握各種語法,針對GRE考試而言,語法結(jié)構(gòu)亦是非常的重要,下面小編就給大家詳細(xì)的介紹一下分詞作狀語結(jié)構(gòu)。
要快速讀懂GRE考試的閱讀題,語法結(jié)構(gòu)是必須要理清的,本文為大家整理了新GRE閱讀語法的分詞作狀語結(jié)構(gòu)。
GRE閱讀語法之分詞作狀語結(jié)構(gòu):
分詞通常有現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞兩種,他們在文中,不僅可以作為形用詞,而且還能像副詞短語那樣,說明動詞或表達(dá)某個整句要表達(dá)的概念。例如:Then, having ensured that their species will survive, the shrimp die as the last of the water evaporates.然后,在確保其物種能生存下去之后,蝦子就會隨著最后一點水蒸發(fā)掉而死去。這個句子的having ensured that their species will survive相當(dāng)于when或者是after,即分詞短語可以用來做表示時間的狀語部分。又如:Used economically, one bottle of kerosene will last for at least one month.用的節(jié)省的話,一瓶煤油至少可以用一個月。這時的分詞又可以用來表示條件和原因。再如:Granting the achievement to be GREat, there is still something to be desired.即使成就是巨大的,仍有一些有待改進的地方。這時可見分詞短語在這里又可以表示讓步。此外分詞做狀語還可以表示伴隨等情況。
此外,需要注意的是分詞的兩種用法和結(jié)構(gòu):
1)分詞的邏輯主語必須與主句的主語一致,如果不一致,要用獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。如:All the money having been spent, they had to look for a part-time job.錢花光之后,他們不得不找零活干。
2)with+名詞(或代詞賓格)+分詞(短語)作狀語,表示伴隨情況。
如:With oil expected to be scarce by the end of the century, the European Community has set aside 36 million dollars for hydrogen research over the past four years.預(yù)期本世紀(jì)末石油將緊缺,在過去四年里,歐洲共同體已儲備了3,600萬美元進行氫氣的研究工作。
Then, maneuvering that iron stove through that doorway, with another mighty grunt Pete just heaved it forward and outward, and it smashed down against her little grassy-patched dirt back yard, the sounds of the crash and the iron cracking open sending her little spotted feist dog and her few any-breed chichens all yelping and squawking and flying.
句子解析:maneuvering that iron stove through that doorway是現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語,表示時間。the iron c
racking open是獨立分詞結(jié)構(gòu),而sending her little spotted feist dog and her few any-breed chichens all yelping and squawking and flying的sending是分詞獨立結(jié)構(gòu),而后面的三個現(xiàn)在分詞是作為賓語spotted feist dog and her few any-breed chichens的賓語補語。
句子翻譯:然后,彼特搬著鐵爐走出門口,又大喝了一聲,舉起鐵爐向前往外拋去,頓時落在她亂草叢生的小后院,摔成碎片。撞擊聲和生鐵的破裂聲把她的小花狗和幾只小雞嚇得咯咯大叫,四散飛逃。
If you haven't actively sought a job in the past week and aren't available for an immediate start, you are moved from the ranks of the “unemployed” to one of a number of other categories---so those who throw up their hands after a period of looking vanish into a one-line column, becoming just blips in the statistician's computer, along with those who haven't been able to get out and look for work, or aren't in areas where jobs exist, or who don't fulfill the other stringent guidelines to be classed as actively looking for work.
句子解析:這個句子很長,但其真正的主句在破折號之前。其主句中if引導(dǎo)了一個表示條件的從句,而破折號之后的內(nèi)容用于進一步解釋one of a number of other categories,who引導(dǎo)的是those的定語從句,becoming just blips in the statistician's computer這個現(xiàn)在分詞作為狀語用于表示結(jié)果,和接下來的伴隨狀況,along with those who…是一復(fù)雜的短語用于狀語,用以進一步說明和對比。
句子翻譯:如果你在過去的一周里沒有積極尋找工作,并且不能馬上開始上班,那他們就會把你從“失業(yè)者”群轉(zhuǎn)到許多其他類別中的一類,所以那些找了一段時間以后感到絕望的人和那些沒能出去找工作或不在有工作的地區(qū)或是因不符合其他一些嚴(yán)格標(biāo)準(zhǔn)而沒能算在積極尋找工作之列的人一道統(tǒng)統(tǒng)消失掉,變成了統(tǒng)計學(xué)家電腦屏幕上的區(qū)區(qū)亮點而已。
n. 港口,避難所,安息所 v. 安置 ... 于港中,