France has launched a groundbreaking program to educate future imams and Muslim chaplains about the country and its values. The goal: to put a French stamp on Islam, the second largest religion in France.

法國(guó)啟動(dòng)了一個(gè)具有開創(chuàng)性的項(xiàng)目，向未來(lái)的伊斯蘭教長(zhǎng)和穆斯林神職人員傳授有關(guān)法國(guó)和法國(guó)價(jià)值觀的知識(shí)。這個(gè)項(xiàng)目的目標(biāo)是給伊斯蘭教打上法國(guó)的印記。伊斯蘭教是法國(guó)的第二大宗教。

The courses are being held in an unusual location - the Catholic Institute of Paris, an institution better known for training priests and Christian scholars than Muslim clerics. Established in collaboration with the French government and the Paris mosque, the program began in January with a largely male class of 25. It aims to give the students a broad understanding of France's legal, historical and social mores.

這些課程在一個(gè)不尋常的地方教授，這個(gè)地方就是巴黎天主教研究所。這個(gè)研究所以培養(yǎng)天主教神父和學(xué)者而聞名，而不是以培養(yǎng)穆斯林神職人員而聞名。法國(guó)政府和巴黎清真寺合作開辦的這個(gè)項(xiàng)目在1月份開始，班上的25個(gè)學(xué)員大多為男性。課程的目的是讓學(xué)生對(duì)法國(guó)的法律、歷史和社會(huì)有一個(gè)大體上的了解。

What the year-long program does not do, says Interior Ministry spokesman Gerard Gachet is offer theology training.

法國(guó)內(nèi)政部發(fā)言人加西特說，這個(gè)為期一年的項(xiàng)目不會(huì)提供神學(xué)方面的培訓(xùn)。

Gachet says religious training for the future clerics is the role of Muslim institutes. But the government believes the courses on France will help shape a French Islam that is perfectly in touch with society.

他說，對(duì)未來(lái)神職人員在宗教上的培訓(xùn)是穆斯林研究所的事。但是政府認(rèn)為，有關(guān)法國(guó)的課程將幫助建立一個(gè)同社會(huì)完全接軌的法國(guó)伊斯蘭教。

The students at the Catholic Institute course are largely foreign born, with many coming from North and sub-Saharan Africa. The program's director, Olivier Bobineau, says they are eager to learn.

天主教研究所學(xué)習(xí)的學(xué)生大多數(shù)在外國(guó)出生，許多人來(lái)自北非和撒哈拉以南的非洲國(guó)家。這個(gè)項(xiàng)目的主管博比內(nèi)烏說，這些學(xué)生求知欲很強(qiáng)。

Bobineau says he hopes the students end up with a better understanding of the relationship between politics and religion in France - and the values and rules that exist here.

博比內(nèi)烏說，他希望學(xué)生們最終能對(duì)法國(guó)的政治和宗教之間的關(guān)系、以及法國(guó)現(xiàn)存的價(jià)值觀和法規(guī)有更好的理解。

Experts say the courses fill a critical gap. Most of France's five to seven million Muslims - the largest Muslim community in Western Europe - were born here. By contrast, roughly 80 percent of the 1,200 imams preaching in French mosques and prayer houses were born overseas. Some cannot converse with their own faithful, much less understand French laws and social customs.

專家說，這些項(xiàng)目會(huì)填補(bǔ)一個(gè)重要的空白。法國(guó)的5百萬(wàn)到7百萬(wàn)穆斯林中的大多數(shù)都在法國(guó)出生。法國(guó)的穆斯林社區(qū)是西歐最大的。然而，在法國(guó)清真寺和禱告地點(diǎn)的1千2百名伊斯蘭教長(zhǎng)中有大約80%的人是在外國(guó)出生。一些神職人員連跟他們的信徒交流都做不到、更不要說理解法國(guó)法律和社會(huì)習(xí)俗了。

Sociologist Franck Fregosi specializes in Islam at the National Center for Scientific Research, a French think tank.

Fregosi says foreign-born imams are often unprepared for their jobs in France. He syas many Turkish clerics, for example, do not know anything about French history, some preachers cannot speak French.

法國(guó)的智庫(kù)--國(guó)家科學(xué)研究中心研究伊斯蘭教的社會(huì)學(xué)家弗里古斯說，外國(guó)出生的教長(zhǎng)常常對(duì)他們?cè)诜▏?guó)的工作沒有準(zhǔn)備。他說，比方說，一些土耳其的神職人員對(duì)法國(guó)歷史一無(wú)所知，一些傳道者不能說法語(yǔ)。

Djelloul Seddiki, the director of the Al Ghazali imam training program at the Paris mosque agrees.

巴黎清真寺的教長(zhǎng)培訓(xùn)項(xiàng)目主管塞迪奇同意這種觀點(diǎn)。

For example, Seddiki says, the mosque's Koranic program can teach students that a man can have up to four wives - in accordance with Muslim tradition. But polygamy is illegal in France.

他說，比方說，清真寺的古蘭經(jīng)課程教授學(xué)生，一個(gè)男人可以有多達(dá)4個(gè)妻子，這同穆斯林的傳統(tǒng)一致，但是多妻制在法國(guó)是非法的。

The Catholic Institute's training has another goal: To ensure a moderate, tolerant Islam flourishes in France, which has been the target of Islamist terrorist attacks.

天主教研究所的培訓(xùn)還有另一個(gè)目標(biāo)：確保法國(guó)的伊斯蘭教溫和、包容的發(fā)展。這已經(jīng)成為伊斯蘭恐怖分子襲擊的目標(biāo)。

For now, the students come only from the Paris mosque. Those affiliated with other French Muslim organizations, including the popular, more fundamentalist Union of Islamic Organizations of France, do not participate - reflecting larger, political divisions within France's Muslim community.

到現(xiàn)在為止，學(xué)生們都是來(lái)自巴黎清真寺。那些同其他法國(guó)穆斯林組織有關(guān)的組織都沒有參加，比如著名的、原教旨主義色彩更濃的法國(guó)伊斯蘭組織聯(lián)盟也沒有參加。這反映出在法國(guó)的穆斯林社會(huì)中有更大的政治分歧。

What is clear is that the clerics graduating from the program are desperately needed. Roughly half of all French mosques have no preachers. But the new graduates are not necessarily assured of jobs.

顯而易見的是，從這個(gè)項(xiàng)目畢業(yè)的神職人員是很搶手的。法國(guó)大約一半的清真寺沒有傳教者。但是新的畢業(yè)生也不一定就能保證找到工作。

Djelloul Seddiki of the Paris mosque.

Seddiki says many Muslim communities in France simply cannot afford to pay the salaries of full-time imams. Some of those who do preach here, from Algeria or Turkey, are paid for by their governments. The rest preach part time and sometimes free of charge.

巴黎清真寺的塞迪奇說，法國(guó)許多穆斯林社區(qū)甚至付不起全職教長(zhǎng)的工資。一些來(lái)自阿爾及利亞或土耳其的教長(zhǎng)在這些清真寺傳教，他們的工資由他們國(guó)家的政府支付，其他的傳教人員不是兼職就是義務(wù)工作的。

France's Muslim community is trying to come up with its own means of financing its clerics. Seddiki, for one, believes this will happen - in time.

法國(guó)的穆斯林社區(qū)試圖找到自己負(fù)擔(dān)神職人員工資的途徑。比方說，塞迪奇就相信，這最終會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)的。