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On one corner of the tower
貝倫塔的一角
is a celebrated trophy of Portuguese globalism.
展示著葡萄牙全球化的戰利品
It's a rhinoceros, modelled on a real animal
這是一頭犀牛 以真實動物為原型
sent by an Indian prince as a gift to the King of Portugal.
是一位印第安王子送給葡萄牙國王的禮物
Brought by ship around Africa
由環繞非洲的船只運送過來
and paraded through the docks of Lisbon,
又在里斯本的各大碼頭游行
it was the first rhino seen in Europe since the Romans.
這是自羅馬之后歐洲第一次見識到犀牛
The same animal was famously immortalised
它被德國畫家阿爾布雷希特.丟勒
by the German artist Albrecht Durer.
畫成了傳世名作的動物
He never saw the beast himself,
他本人從未見過這種野獸
but transformed someone else's sketch
卻將別人繪下的草圖
into an engraved masterpiece,
變成了讓人銘記的杰作
which he reproduced and sold in thousands of woodcut prints.
他用木刻版畫印刷批量生產 賣出了上千幅
This is the image that helped establish Durer
就是這張圖畫確立了丟勒
as a master of the new medium of mass communication...
在大眾傳播新媒介領域中的大師地位
the printing press.
也就是使用印刷機
By the 16th century,
到十六世紀
Lisbon had become perhaps Europe's most cosmopolitan city.
里斯本成為歐洲可能是最國際化的城市
A reality that was captured in a uniquely revealing painting...
現實生活被定格在一幅極具啟迪性的畫作中
...the King's Fountain.
即《國王噴泉》
It's believed that the artist who produced this,
現在認為這幅畫的創作者來自于荷蘭
whose name has been lost, was from the Netherlands,
其名姓已不可考
but this is not a picture of Delft or Amsterdam,
但這描繪的并非是代爾夫特或阿姆斯特丹
this is Lisbon.
這是里斯本
This is Lisbon in the 16th century,
這就是十六世紀的里斯本
at the very height of Portugal's global trading empire.
葡萄牙的全球貿易帝國正值頂峰時期
It's a part of the city called the king's fountain
這是城市的一部分 名叫國王噴泉
and the fountain is shown here.
這里展現的就是那座噴泉
What's striking about this picture is the people.
最令人嘖嘖稱奇的是畫作中的人物
Lisbon in this painting looks
這幅畫作中的里斯本看起來
more like a 21st-century capital,
更像是二十一世紀的首都城市
because as Portugal's trading empire expanded
因為隨著葡萄牙貿易帝國在全世界
around the world, people from across that empire came to Lisbon.
不斷擴張 整個帝國的人都涌向里斯本
Incredibly, it's believed that 10%,
難以置信的是 當時里斯本的人口中
one in 10, of Lisbon's population were Africans.
每十人就有一人是非洲人
The Africans in this painting are existing
這幅畫中的非洲人
at every level of the social strata.
出現在社會的各個階層
There are the aguaderos, these are water carriers.
其中有搬運水的黑人
They are almost certainly slaves.
他們幾乎可以肯定是奴隸
But there were white slaves as well as black slaves.
但是奴隸中既有黑人也有白人
