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40.Who is the Chief Justice of the United States?
40.誰是美國的首席大法官？
Answer: John Roberts (John G. Roberts, Jr.)
答案：約翰·羅伯茨
Explanation: The Supreme Court is the highest (or most important) court in the United States, so it makes sense that the leader of the Supreme Court, known as the Chief Justice, is the highest (or most important) judge in the U.S. government.
解釋：最高法院是美國地位最高（或最重要的）的法院，因此最高法院領袖、即首席大法官是美國政府中地位最高的（或最重要的）法官是講得通的。
The Chief Justice has all the same responsibilities as the Associate Justices for hearing cases (or listening to lawsuits and stating a legal opinion).
對于審理案件（或傾聽訴訟和陳述法律觀點），首席大法官和聯合大法官的職責相同。
However, the Chief Justice also has many other responsibilities.
然而，首席大法官還有許多其他的職責。
When the nine justices of the Supreme Court discuss (or talk about) cases, the Chief Justice must lead the discussion.
當最高法院的九位大法官討論案件時，首席大法官必須引導討論。
The Chief Justice speaks first, and this gives him or her the power to influence (or affect) the discussion.
首席大法官首先發言，這樣他或她就能對討論產生影響。
The Chief Justice also makes the agenda (or plan for what will be discussed) for each weekly meeting where the justices decide which cases they are going to hear.
首席大法官還要為每次周例會制定議程（或計劃將要討論的內容）、決定審理哪些案件。
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