評論
打印
Day three of the ice cream wars, you get to the beach early, and set up right in the center of Teddy territory, assuming you'll serve the 75% of beachgoers to your south, leaving your cousin to sell to the 25% of customers to the north.
在“冰淇淋戰爭”的第三天，你更早的來到了海灘并把你的冰淇淋車放在了泰迪地盤的中間，假設你可以服務在你南邊75%的海灘行人，留給你表兄弟服務北邊25%的顧客。
When Teddy arrives, he sets up just south of you stealing all of the southerly customers, and leaving you with a small group of people to the north.
當泰迪來的時候，他把車放在了你的南邊。偷走了原本屬于你的所有的南邊的客戶，并且只給你留了很少一點兒的在北邊的顧客
Not to be outdone, you move 10 paces south of Teddy to regain your customers.
為了不被淘汰，你移到了泰迪南邊10步遠的地方以重新獲得你的顧客
When you take a mid-day break, Teddy shuffles 10 paces south of you, and again, steals back all the customers to the far end of the beach.
在你中午休息的時候，泰迪又移到了你南邊10步遠的地方再次獲得了直到最南邊的所有顧客。
Throughout the course of the day, both of you continue to periodically move south towards the bulk of the ice cream buyers, until both of you eventually end up at the center of the beach, back to back, each serving 50% of the ice-cream-hungry beachgoers.
在這一天里，你們不停的移動到對方的南邊以獲得南邊的冰淇淋買家直到你們最終都到達了海灘的中間，背對背，各自服務50%的冰淇淋買家。
At this point, you and your competitive cousin have reached what game theorists call a Nash Equilibrium - the point where neither of you can improve your position by deviating from your current strategy.
在這一點上，你和你的表兄弟達到了博弈論中所謂的納什均衡，你無法通過移動你的位置以獲得更高的收益。
Your original strategy, where you were each a quarter mile from the middle of the beach, didn't last, because it wasn't a Nash Equilibrium.
你原計劃是倆人都在海灘1/4的位置來平分顧客，但好景不長，因為它不是一個納什均衡。
Either of you could move your cart towards the other to sell more ice cream.
你們各自都可以移動位置以賣出更多的冰淇淋。
With both of you now in the center of the beach, you can't reposition your cart closer to your furthest customers without making your current customers worse off.
現在你們倆都處于海灘的中間，你無法移動位置來節省最遠的顧客要走的路程，而且也不能使你當前客戶需要走的路程加長。
However, you no longer have a socially optimal solution, since customers at either end of the beach have to walk further than necessary to get a sweet treat.
但是，您不再有社會最優的解決方案，因為顧客在海灘的兩端，為了獲得甜蜜享受的他們必需走那么遠。
Think about all the fast food chains, clothing boutiques, or mobile phone kiosks at the mall.
想想所有的快餐連鎖店、服裝精品店或者在商場的移動電話亭。
Customers may be better served by distributing services throughout a community, but this leaves businesses vulnerable to aggressive competition.
也許當他們平均分布的時候顧客可能會獲得更好的服務，但是這使企業受到激烈的競爭。
In the real world, customers come from more than one direction, and businesses are free to compete with marketing strategies, by differentiating their product line, and with price cuts, but at the heart of their strategy, companies like to keep their competition as close as possible.
在現實世界中，客戶來自四面八方，并且企業之間用營銷策略自由競爭，通過推出不同的產品、降價，但關鍵是企業要保持自己的競爭力。
