評(píng)論
打印
Two, debt. In 1994, the debt-to-GDP ratio of African countries was 130 percent, and they didn't have fiscal space.
第二件事，債務(wù)。在1994年，非洲國家債務(wù)對(duì)GDP的比例是130%，而且他們沒有財(cái)政空間。
They couldn't use their resources to invest in their development because they were paying debt.
他們無法用自己的資源去投資于自己的發(fā)展，因?yàn)樗麄兌荚趦斶€債務(wù)。
There may be some of you in this room who worked to support African countries to get debt relief.
在這里也許有一部分人為支持非洲國家的債務(wù)減免努力過。
So private creditors, multilaterals and bilaterals came together
所以個(gè)人債權(quán)人、多邊與雙向債權(quán)人走到了一起
and decided to do the Highly Indebted Poor Countries Initiative and give debt relief.
決定發(fā)起“重債窮國倡議”并且給予債務(wù)減免。
So this debt relief in 2005 made the debt-to-GDP ratio fall down to about 30 percent,
因此在2005年，這項(xiàng)債務(wù)減免使（非洲國家）的債務(wù)/GDP比率下降到了30%，
and there was enough resources to try and reinvest.
這就有了足夠的資源去嘗試和再投資。
The third thing was loss-making enterprises.
第三件事是虧損企業(yè)。
Governments were involved in business which they had no business being in.
政府參與到了他們本無權(quán)參與的商業(yè)中。
And they were running businesses, they were making losses.
他們經(jīng)營著企業(yè)，造成了虧損。
So some of these enterprises were restructured,
所以其中一些企業(yè)被重組，
commercialized, privatized or closed, and they became less of a burden on government.
商業(yè)化、私有化或者關(guān)閉，于是他們讓政府的負(fù)擔(dān)減輕了。
The fourth thing was a very interesting thing.
第四件事則非常有趣。
The telecoms revolution came, and African countries jumped on it.
電信革命來了，非洲國家抓住了這個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)。
In 2000, we had 11 million phone lines.
在2000年，我們已經(jīng)擁有了1100萬根電線。
Today, we have about 687 million mobile lines on the continent.
到了今天，我們?cè)谶@片大陸上大概建造了6.87億電線。
And this has enabled us to go, move forward with some mobile technology where Africa is actually leading.
這使得我們能夠在某些非洲正領(lǐng)先的方面去推進(jìn)一些移動(dòng)技術(shù)。
In Kenya, the development of mobile money -- M-Pesa, which all of you have heard about --
在肯尼亞，你們都聽說過的移動(dòng)支付--M-Pesa--正風(fēng)靡全國。
it took some time for the world to notice that Africa was ahead in this particular technology.
世界花了一點(diǎn)時(shí)間才注意到，非洲在這項(xiàng)特殊技術(shù)上是領(lǐng)先的。
