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Despite this, so far, the only available product is a treatment for pain caused by multiple sclerosis, and this is licensed only in Canada.
盡管如此，這是目前唯一的一種用于治療多發性硬化所產生的疼痛的藥物。它僅在加拿大許可出售。
But there's a possibility of treating many more ailments thanks to an unexpected property of the plant.
但它也可能用來治療其他的疾病，因為它還有很多不確定的成分。
If you look in the microscope, you can see some glistening golfball-like structures.
如果你把它放在顯微鏡下，你能看到一些反光的像高爾夫球一樣的結構。
And those are the glandular trichomes in the inflorescence of the plant which contain the chemicals we're interested in for making a medicine.
那些是在大麻花里面的腺型毛狀體，它包含的我們希望用來制藥的化學物質。
It's not just THC.
并不止是THC。
These trichomes contain CBD, another valuable chemical.
這些毛狀體含有CBD，另一種很有價值的化學物質。
There's a lot of CBD in that particular one as well, cannabidiol, another cannabinoid, a non-psychoactive cannabinoid, an important component to the medicine.
某種的大麻含有大量的CBD以及大麻二酚，另一種化學物質，不會影響大腦的化學物質，也是藥物的重要成分。
So, from your point of view, in terms of developing medications, cannabidiol, CBD, what role does that have?
那么你認為，對醫藥業來說大麻二酚和CBD，扮演了什么角色？
We hope it's gonna...We're fascinated by this stuff, which has tremendous potential as an anti-inflammatory but also as an anti-psychotic.
我希望它們能夠...我們對它著迷。它可能有很強的潛力成為鎮定劑或抗精神病藥。
So you're telling me CBD could be a treatment for psychosis?
你是說CBD能治療精神?。?/p>
Yes, isn't that ironic?
是的，是不是很諷刺？
With all the tremendous publicity around the link between cannabis smoking and the potential of increasing the risk of psychosis, here we have a component of the plant which itself is anti-psychotic.
盡管吸大麻煙會提高精神病患病率是公認的，而我們卻發現它的一種成分卻是抗精神病的。
And we're saying...
你是說在同一種植物體內？
Within the same plant, you have a chemical which has an opposite effect and which therefore be protective to some extent?
是的，在同一種植物體內卻同時存在相反作用的成分，這會使它有更多的用途。
I think it's a level of concern that some of the recreational cannabis that's out there contains no CBD at all and that is a modern phenomenon.
我想，要關注的是市場上銷售的一些改良大麻，根本不含有CBD，這是一個現代才出現現象。
Previously, it was much more usual for people to be smoking cannabis some CBD in it at least.
開始的時候，很多人吸的大麻煙或多或少會含有CBD。
As recreational cannabis plants are grown for higher THC content, so their CBD content falls, simply because the plant isn't able to produce high levels of both.
而一些改良過的大麻品種含有很高的THC，而CBD的含量卻下降了，那時因為植物不能同時增加兩者的含量。
So your trick, as a developer of medication, is, I suppose, to change the relative balance of THC and CBD. Exactly so...Getting that proportion right for different conditions is going to be key.
所以你作為一個藥品開發者所做的，我想，是改變THC和CBD的含量正是這樣，在不同的情況下使用不同的比例就是一切的關鍵。
We think for pain and spasticity, a roughly equal balance of THC and CBD is good, because each has their own type of pharmacology, quite separate mechanisms of action, and they interact together in a helpful way.
我們認為對于疼痛和痙攣的治療，THC和CBD的含量大致相等就行，因為它們兩者都有各自的優點，工作的機理很不相同，而它們的相互作用是必須的。
Probably along with other plant constituents too.
可能還與其他的一些成分一起起作用。
But for other conditions like inflammation or psychosis, you wouldn't want, probably, any THC at all.
但對于其他的癥狀如炎癥或精神問題，你可能根本不需要THC。
You'd want some of the other plant components, but you'd want the CBD mainly, alongside those other components.
你需要的是其他的成分，其中最主要的是CBD。
