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They published the data,
他們發(fā)布了這些數(shù)據(jù)，
and it actually transformed clinical practice in the country.
而這一舉動(dòng)改變了整個(gè)國(guó)家的臨床實(shí)踐。
Everybody saw this makes a lot of sense.
大家都發(fā)現(xiàn)這樣做很有意義。
Since then, they publish every year.
從此以后，他們每年都做數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)布。
Once a year, they publish the league table:
每年發(fā)布一次積分榜。
who's best, who's at the bottom?
誰(shuí)拔頭籌，誰(shuí)墊底，
And they visit each other to try to learn,
他們還通過(guò)訪問(wèn)來(lái)相互學(xué)習(xí)，
so a continuous cycle of improvement.
進(jìn)入了一個(gè)不斷進(jìn)步的循環(huán)。
For many years, Swedish hip surgeons had the best results in the world,
多年來(lái)， 瑞士的髖關(guān)節(jié)置換手術(shù)的治療效果問(wèn)鼎全球，
at least for those who actually were measuring,
至少對(duì)那些有真正參與評(píng)估的醫(yī)生來(lái)說(shuō)，
and many were not.
不過(guò)也有人沒(méi)有這么做。
Now I found this principle really exciting.
我發(fā)現(xiàn)這一實(shí)踐非常振奮人心。
So the physicians get together,
即醫(yī)生們聚到一起，
they agree on what quality is,
共同決定什么是高質(zhì)量，
they start measuring, they share the data,
他們開(kāi)始量收集并共享數(shù)據(jù)，
they find who's best, and they learn from it.
他們發(fā)現(xiàn)哪個(gè)方法最好，然后加以學(xué)習(xí)。
Continuous improvement.
不斷改進(jìn)。
Now, that's not the only exciting part.
這還不是僅有的振奮人心的地方。
That's exciting in itself.
當(dāng)然這本身已經(jīng)令人振奮。
But if you bring back the cost side of the equation,
但是，如果把成本放回到我們的公式里，
and look at that,
然后觀察它，
it turns out, those who have focused on quality,
你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)那些重視質(zhì)量的（醫(yī)院）,
they actually also have the lowest costs,
恰恰在花銷(xiāo)上是最少的。
although that's not been the purpose in the first place.
雖然這并不是當(dāng)初刻意設(shè)計(jì)的。
So if you look at the hip surgery story again,
如果回頭再看髖關(guān)節(jié)手術(shù)的故事，
there was a study done a couple years ago where they compared the U.S. and Sweden.
幾年以前，他們做了一個(gè)研究拿美國(guó)和瑞士做了比較。
They looked at how many patients have needed to be re-operated on seven years after the first surgery.
他們調(diào)查了在第一次手術(shù)后7年內(nèi)需要再手術(shù)的病人的數(shù)量。
In the United States, the number was three times higher than in Sweden.
在美國(guó)，這個(gè)數(shù)字比瑞士高出三倍。
So many unnecessary surgeries,
太多不必要的手術(shù)，
and so much unnecessary suffering for all the patients who were operated on in that seven year period.
給這些七年內(nèi)再次接受手術(shù)的病人帶來(lái)了太多不必要的痛苦。
Now, you can imagine how much savings there would be for society.
現(xiàn)在你可以想象換種方法能給社會(huì)節(jié)省多少開(kāi)支。
We did a study where we looked at OECD data.
我們根據(jù)OECD數(shù)據(jù)做了一個(gè)研究。
OECD does, every so often,
偶爾，OECD（經(jīng)濟(jì)合作與發(fā)展組織）會(huì)根據(jù)
look at quality of care where they can find the data across the member countries.
他們可以找到的會(huì)員國(guó)家的數(shù)據(jù)來(lái)調(diào)查醫(yī)療護(hù)理的質(zhì)量。
