評(píng)論
打印
We are living on a planet with a lot of activities, with reference to our living environment,done by faith and guess alone.
我們對(duì)于這個(gè)地球上所發(fā)生的許多現(xiàn)象,都只是通過(guò)信念或猜測(cè)來(lái)認(rèn)知。
Our lives depend upon these creatures.
我們的生命依賴于這些生物。
To take an example close to home: there are over 500 species of bacteria now known friendly bacteria-living symbiotically in your mouth and throat probably necessary to your health for holding off pathogenic bacteria.
舉一個(gè)身邊的例子：已知有500多種的細(xì)菌,友好的細(xì)菌—正生活在你的口腔里也許它們正在為你抵抗來(lái)自致病細(xì)菌的進(jìn)攻。
At this point I think we have a little impressionistic film that was made especially for this occasion.
說(shuō)到這里，我想給大家放一個(gè)片子就是為了這次演講而準(zhǔn)備的。
And I'd like to show it.
現(xiàn)在請(qǐng)看屏幕。
Assisted in this by Billie Holiday.
我們得到了Billie Holiday的幫助。
And that may be just the beginning!
這也許還只是開始！
The viruses, those quasi-organisms among which are the prophages,the gene weavers that promote the continued evolution in the lives of the bacteria,are a virtually unknown frontier of modern biology, a world unto themselves.
病毒，也就是那些帶有有機(jī)體特性的“準(zhǔn)”生物，prophasias 就是其中一種，它是基因編織師，正是它使得細(xì)菌的持續(xù)進(jìn)化成為可能，這一世界是現(xiàn)代生物學(xué)的一個(gè)待開墾的處女地，也是一個(gè)自我—的世界。
What constitutes a viral species is still unresolved,although they're obviously of enormous importance to us.
是什么構(gòu)成了病毒還尚無(wú)定論，雖然這對(duì)人類而言意義重大。
But this much we can say: the variety of genes on the planet in viruses exceeds, or is likely to exceed, that in all of the rest of life combined.
但是有一點(diǎn)可以肯定，病毒世界的基因多樣性遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)大于所有其他生物的基因多樣性之總和—至少科學(xué)家是這么認(rèn)為的。
Nowadays, in addressing microbial biodiversity,scientists are like explorers in a rowboat launched onto the Pacific Ocean.
今天，那些研究微生物多樣性的科學(xué)家，就如乘著木船駛進(jìn)太平洋的探索者。
But that is changing rapidly with the aid of new genomic technology.
但是，隨著新的基因組技術(shù)的發(fā)展，這一境況正得到改善。
Already it is possible to sequence the entire genetic code of a bacterium in under four hours.
現(xiàn)在，我們已經(jīng)可以用四個(gè)小時(shí)的時(shí)間完成對(duì)一個(gè)細(xì)菌進(jìn)行基因測(cè)序。
