評(píng)論
打印
So what's happening?
這里發(fā)生了什么呢
Well, the flame heats up the elements giving them more thermal energy
火焰加熱這些單質(zhì)，讓它們具有更多熱能
This excites the electrons from their ground or lower energy state
這會(huì)將電子從較低能量的基態(tài)激發(fā)到
to an excited or higher energy state
較高能量的激發(fā)態(tài)
This is what that looks like
大致是這樣
Since energy cannot be created or destroyed
由于能量無法創(chuàng)生或毀滅
and energy that was absorbed by the atom
原子所吸收的能量
must be emitted again as the electron returns to the ground state
必然會(huì)在電子返回基態(tài)時(shí)釋放出來
This energy is emitted as light
這些能量會(huì)以光的形式釋放
So why do different elements have different colored flames?
為什么不同單質(zhì)燃燒產(chǎn)生了不同顏色的火焰呢
Because the difference in energy between the ground state and the excited state
這是因?yàn)榛鶓B(tài)和激發(fā)態(tài)之間的能差
is unique for each element
對(duì)于每種元素是不同的
And what does energy have to do with it?
能量同這有什么關(guān)系呢
Well, the human eye perceives photons or light particles
人眼會(huì)將不同能量的光子
of different energies as different colors
分辨為不同的顏色
So red light is a lower energy than yellow
紅光比黃光能量要低
which is a lower energy than blue
黃光又比藍(lán)光能量低
Think about it like a rainbow spectrum
可以用彩虹光譜來考慮
So energy increases along the spectrum
沿光譜往前，能量會(huì)遞增
Red is low energy light
紅光是低能量的光
and violet is high energy light
而紫光是高能量的光
Going back to our atoms' energy levels
回到這些原子的能級(jí)
if the difference between the ground state and the excited state is smaller
如果基態(tài)和激發(fā)態(tài)之間的能差較小
the light particle is of lower energy
光子的能量就會(huì)較低
and we see that as a redder light
這時(shí)看到的光會(huì)偏紅
Conversely
相反
if the energy gap is larger
如果能差較大
the light particle is of higher energy
光子能量就會(huì)較高
and we see that as bluer light
我們看到的光就會(huì)偏藍(lán)
And this is a simplified picture of what's happening
這只是一幅簡(jiǎn)圖
Each element has a unique set of excited states which
每種元素都有獨(dú)特的激發(fā)態(tài)
each leads to a different pattern of light
導(dǎo)致不同的光的樣式
which we see as red, green, yellow, etc
導(dǎo)致我們這里看到了紅色，綠色，黃色，等等
Hope you enjoyed the video and I'll see you next time
但愿大家喜歡這個(gè)視頻，下次再見
