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Chester Alan Arthur was born in Vermont in 1829. He was the 21st President of the United States, becoming President after the assassination of President James A. Garfield. His father was a preacher who had emigrated from Northern Ireland. He graduated from Union College in 1848 and was admitted to the bar. He startedpractising law in New York City before joining the Army to fight in the Civil War.
In 1871, Arthur was appointed by President Ulysses S. Grant to the politically powerful post of Collector of the Port of New York. He spent the next decade as a pawn in power struggles between different presidents. He was removed from his post by President Rutherford B. Hayes. In 1880, Arthur was nominated to run forthe Vice Presidency. He assumed office as Vice President in March 1881.
The Arthur Administration enacted the first general Federal immigration law. Arthur approved a measure in 1882. Congress suspended Chinese immigration for ten years, later making the restriction permanent. He hadknown since a year after he succeeded to the Presidency that he was suffering from a fatal kidney disease.He left office in 1885 and died a year later at the age of 57.
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