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Sorry, I'm late.I was brushing my teeth.
對不起，我遲到了。我剛剛刷牙去了！
Brushing your teeth! Right before A Moment of Science?Why?
刷牙！就在節(jié)目開始前！為什么啊？
I'm trying to get rid of a cavity.
防止蛀牙啊！
Get rid of a cavity? Are you stuck with a cavity once youhave it?
防止蛀牙？你長過蛀牙嗎？
It depends on how deep it is.
這就得看牙被蛀得有多深了。
Acid from bacteria in yourmouth can cause your tooth to decay.
口腔中的細(xì)菌會(huì)產(chǎn)生一些腐蝕牙齒的酸性物質(zhì)。
First, the acid eats away the very hard outer layer of yourtooth, called the enamel. Inside the enamel is the dentin.
酸性物質(zhì)會(huì)先腐蝕掉牙冠表層的琺瑯質(zhì)（也就是我們所熟知的釉質(zhì)）。琺瑯質(zhì)所包覆的便是牙本質(zhì)。
It's spongy and has nerve endings, soyour tooth might be sensitive to sweets or cold if the decay reaches there.
牙本質(zhì)不如琺瑯質(zhì)堅(jiān)硬，其中還含有很多的神經(jīng)末梢。因而，如果牙本質(zhì)也受到了腐蝕，牙齒對甜食或是過冷的東西就會(huì)很敏感。
But the cavity doesn't really start to hurt until it gets through the dentin to the soft pulp. That'swhen you get a toothache.
但是，要等到酸性物質(zhì)通過牙本質(zhì)，開始腐蝕牙髓了才會(huì)對牙齒造成本質(zhì)的傷害。這個(gè)時(shí)候牙齒也就開始疼起來了。
Dentists sometimes will fill a cavity by putting in a filling while the decay is still in the enamel.
當(dāng)琺瑯質(zhì)遭到腐蝕時(shí)，醫(yī)生有的時(shí)候會(huì)采取補(bǔ)牙的方式進(jìn)行治療。
But decay is reversible until it reaches the dentin. If it's properly treated, the decay will stop, and the enamel will harden, although the tooth will never be perfect again.
可是，在牙本質(zhì)遭到腐蝕之前，腐蝕隨時(shí)都會(huì)發(fā)生。如果治療得當(dāng)，腐蝕將會(huì)停止，琺瑯質(zhì)也會(huì)重新變硬，美中不足的是，牙齒不會(huì)像受腐蝕前那么完美了。
So, that's why you're brushing. Can you do anything else to help get rid of a cavity?
這就是你剛剛刷牙的原因！你還有其他防蛀牙的辦法嗎？
Dentists can help by giving you a fluoride treatment, but you have to brush and floss regularly.
醫(yī)生還可以為你做氟化物治療（在蛀牙部位涂上高濃度的氟化物，令初期蛀壞的部分還原），但是，你必須定期洗牙，還要經(jīng)常使用牙線清潔牙齒。
You might have to give up soda and sweets. So it's not easy–and dentists know that.
另外，什么汽水啊，甜食啊，都必須戒掉。
That's whythey sometimes fill a cavity in its early stages, before it starts to hurt.
所以說，做這個(gè)治療并不容易—當(dāng)然，醫(yī)生們也是很清楚的。這也是為什么醫(yī)生會(huì)在蛀牙初期的時(shí)候?yàn)椴∪搜a(bǔ)牙，防止酸性物質(zhì)的繼續(xù)腐蝕。
So, you're not stuck with tooth decay once it happens.Nope. But it's better not to let it happen in the first place.
這么說，你從來都沒有長過蛀牙。當(dāng)然。但是，“防患于未然”總是好的啊！
