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If you've ever tried eating with chopsticks, you know they can be a pain to learn how to use.
如果你有用筷子吃過飯，你就知道學習使用它就是一種痛苦。
According to a Boston University study, ever since their inventionnearly five-thousand years ago, chopsticks have been a source of literal pain by exacerbating the onset of osteoarthritis in old age.
波士頓大學的一項研究表明，因為他們發明筷子是在近5000年以前，所以筷子是造成在老年時期產生骨關節炎的原因之一。
Osteoarthritis is a disease of the joints caused by repeated use of a particular joint.
骨關節炎是一種由重復使用某一關節而造成的關節疾病。
Normally theends of bones are covered with a shock-absorber-like pad of springycartilage that helps boneends move more easily.
通常情況下，骨頭的末端是被一層類似可以防震的、有彈性的軟骨覆蓋的墊層。
When cartilage wears down, bone end rubs against bone end on a joint, causingstiffness and often extreme pain.
當軟骨被磨損了，骨頭末端就會與關節末端產生摩擦，造成堅硬，而且時常極度疼痛。
Over time, an unprotected joint can become deformed andparts of the rubbing bones can wear away and chip off, causing even more discomfort.
隨著時間的推移，這個不受保護的關節就會變得畸形，與之摩擦的骨頭部分會因為摩擦而磨損，造成更多的不適。
What does this have to do with chopsticks?
這與筷子又有什么關系呢？
Any repetitive motion involving the fingers canamplify the effects of naturally occurring cartilagedecay.
包括手指在內的任何一個重復性的動作都會比自然發生的軟骨衰退效果嚴重。
If you've ever used chopsticks youknow that pinching them together puts stress on the thumb and forefinger.
如果你有用過筷子你就會知道將它們夾在一起會將壓力施在大拇指和食指上。
Imagine making this motion at every meal every day of your life and you begin to understand howchopsticks can harm your joints.
試想如果你每天每餐都這樣，你就會明白筷子是如何傷害你的關節了。
According to the Boston University study, the thumb joint isthe primary victim of chopstick use.
根據波士頓大學的研究，使用筷子的主要受害部位就是大拇指。
If you're an adventurousdiner and occasionally like to eat Asian food using authentic diningimplements, don't worry.
如果你是個愛冒險的食客，不時的喜歡吃要使用點用餐工具的亞洲食物，不要擔心。
Only regular use over many years is cause for alarm.
因為只有超過數年的定期使用才會造成危險。
