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Hydroplaning happens when a vehicle moves too quickly along a wet road. A layer of water accumulates under the tires; they lift up and lose traction; the driver loses control.
當(dāng)車輛在潮濕的路面上開(kāi)得太快時(shí)會(huì)出現(xiàn)打滑現(xiàn)象。輪胎下聚積的一層水會(huì)抬高輪胎，失去牽引力，駕駛員會(huì)失去對(duì)車輛的控制。
Now, what does NASA have to do with hydroplaning?
美國(guó)國(guó)家航空航天局與打滑現(xiàn)象有什么關(guān)系呢？
Here's an historical look at the science story.
我們來(lái)看下科學(xué)的歷史。
Hydroplaning is a relatively new phenomenon for humans, given that the combination of high speed and smooth pavement that's necessary has only fairly recently become possible.
打滑現(xiàn)象對(duì)人們來(lái)說(shuō)是相對(duì)較新的現(xiàn)象，因?yàn)楦咚俸凸饣娜诵械酪彩亲罱鄬?duì)才有的。
In fact, it wasn't until 1957 that a tire treadmill study first experimentally demonstrated hydroplaning “in action.”
事實(shí)上，直到1957年一臺(tái)帶輪胎的踏車最先通過(guò)試驗(yàn)演示了打滑現(xiàn)象的存在。
That study was motivated by airplanes.
那項(xiàng)研究是由飛機(jī)引發(fā)的靈感。
Hydroplaning had been causing a lot of problems for pilots landing on wet runways.
飛行員降落在潮濕跑道上，打滑現(xiàn)象已經(jīng)給他們?cè)斐闪舜罅康膯?wèn)題。
Here's where NASA comes in. NASA scientists wanted to figure out what hydroplaning was all about.
這也是NASA介入的原因。NASA科學(xué)家試圖弄明白打滑現(xiàn)象究竟是怎么回事。
So, they collected a lot of data, and produced a mathematical formula to illustrate how quickly a vehicle could travel on a wet surface before entering hydroplane mode.
因此，他們收集了很多數(shù)據(jù)，并且得出一個(gè)數(shù)學(xué)公式來(lái)說(shuō)明車輛在潮濕的路面以多快的速度行駛就會(huì)打滑。
They published the equation in 1963, along with information about the effects of water depth, paving technique, tire tread, and vehicle weight on hydroplaning risk.
1963年，科學(xué)家們公布了這個(gè)數(shù)學(xué)公式，同時(shí)告訴大家水的深度、人行道的鋪設(shè)技術(shù)，輪胎面以及車的重量對(duì)打滑的影響。
This publication offered several important safety tips.
這次信息的公開(kāi)提供了幾個(gè)重要的安全提示。
For example, use well-treaded, fully inflated tires; and, don't slam on the brakes if you skid on wet pavement.
例如，使用較好的輪胎面，完全充氣的輪胎，如果你在潮濕的地面上剎車時(shí)，不要用力踩剎車。
These suggestions may sound commonplace, and we now also know that vehicles with anti lock brakes require slightly different hydroplane handling than those without.
這些建議似乎是老生常談，我們現(xiàn)在也知道帶防鎖死剎車裝置的車輛處理打滑現(xiàn)象時(shí)與沒(méi)有該剎車的車輛稍有不同。
However, we can thank those NASA scientists from fifty years ago for getting the word out, and helping to keep all drivers-on runways and roads-safer on rainy days.
但無(wú)論如何，我們都要感激50年前NASA科學(xué)家們告訴我們打滑現(xiàn)象，使所有跑道和道路上的駕駛員在雨天能更安全行駛。
