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經濟學人:大不列顛的隕落

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Books and Arts;

文藝;

Britain's third-world economy

英國的第三世界經濟

Relegation for Albion

大不列顛的隕落

Going South: Why Britain Will Have A Third World Economy By 2014. By Larry Elliott and Dan Atkinson.

《滑向全球之南:為什么2014年的英國會有一個第三世界經濟》;作者Larry Elliott,Dan Atkinson。Palgrave Macmillan;

The journalistic team of Larry Elliott and Dan Atkinson proved to be more perceptive than most of their peers in skewering Britain's debt-fuelled boom. Their two previous books, “Fantasy Island” (2007) and “The Gods That Failed” (2008), analysed why it happened and who was to blame. So they will have a ready audience for their latest tale of woe, which forecasts the imminent loss of Britain's developed-economy status.

事實證明,Larry Elliott和Dan Atkinson的記者團隊在描繪被債務吹高的英國繁榮方面比他們的大多數同僚更具慧眼。他們之前的兩部作品《幻想島》和《失靈的上帝》分析了其中的原因和罪魁禍首。所以他們最新的這本看空英國的作品——預測英國將會即刻失去自己的發達國家地位,早已有了一個既定的讀者群。

Or is that what they claim? The authors do not really suggest that Britain's GDP per head will plummet to the levels of sub- Saharan Africa, or that the country will lose the title of “advanced” economy bestowed on it by the International Monetary Fund. Instead, Britain's third-world status is signified by a bunch of qualitative factors: “public and commercial services work badly, the average person is becoming poorer rather than richer, the economy has been pulled horribly out of shape and government in the widest sense is hopelessly dysfunctional, with different branches of the state frequently at loggerheads with one another.”

他們真的認為是這樣嗎?其實,作者并不認為英國的人均GDP將會跳水至撒哈拉以南的非洲的水平或者說這個國家將會失去IMF授予的發達國家頭銜,而是一些定性因素象征著英國的第三世界狀態:公共和商業服務乏善可陳,一般人逐漸變得更貧窮而不是更富有,經濟已經嚴重失衡,廣義上說來政府運轉一塌糊涂——因為國家的不同部門經常相互扯皮。

This broad definition allows the pair to be grumpy old men and indulge in some fierce complaining about various aspects of modern British society. At times, it seems as if almost everything is a sign of Britain's decline, including the decision to revoke the Syrian ambassador's invitation to last year's royal wedding. The Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority is the subject of a rant, as are the growing powers of Her Majesty's Revenue and Customs. Inward investment by China is not a sign of confidence in Britain, but instead dismissed as a token of national humiliation: “What was good enough for the Congo was good for the United Kingdom.”

這個廣泛的定義使得兩位作者像脾氣暴躁的老人一樣對當代英國社會的很多方面進行了凌厲的批評。有時,給人感覺好像每一件事情都是英國衰落的寫照,包括在去年皇室婚禮上取消對敘利亞大使的邀請。人類受精和胚胎局管理局以及稅務海關總署日益膨脹的權力都是被嚴厲攻擊的目標。此外,來自中國的投資在英國被貶低為是國家恥辱而非信心的標志:“對剛果那種國家足夠好的東西竟然對英國好。”

Despite the authors' occasional exaggerations, this is a much more entertaining book than many about economics. And it is hard to disagree with their underlying analysis: “For almost a century, the UK has deluded herself, first into believing that the days of global dominance will return, then into thinking that the symptoms of decline can be relatively easily tackled.” The country has pinned its hopes on a series of fixes—trade preference for other countries in the empire, joining the European Economic Community, North Sea oil, financial deregulation and housing bubbles—that have offered temporary boosts. The current government's growth plan, involving tax incentives for business and cuts in red tape, sounds all too much like some of the failed programmes of the past.

除了作者偶爾的夸大之外,這一本書比很多經濟方面的書籍都更有趣。并且,作者對其實質的分析幾乎不容置疑。“在近一個世紀內,英國都在蒙蔽自己,首先她使自己相信英國稱霸全球的日子將會失而復得,之后她使又自己認為英國衰退的癥狀可以相對輕松地治愈。”英國將自己的希望寄托在一系列小修小補上:給予大英帝國范圍內的其他國家貿易優惠,加入歐共體,七八十年代北海石油開采,金融自由化和房地產泡沫,這些都為英國經濟提供了短暫的支持。當今政府的發展方案包括向企業提供稅收激勵、遏制官僚作風,這些聽起來和過去那些失敗的項目十分類似。

The recent crisis has shown the dangers of relying on the financial sector, which has gobbled up the cream of Britain's university graduates and led to huge inequalities of income and wealth. And despite the City's overseas earnings, Britain has suffered a persistent balance of payments deficit, a sign that the country is not paying its way.

最近的這輪經濟危機已經彰顯了英國經濟過度依賴金融行業的風險:金融行業盡數吸納了英國大學精英畢業生,并且導致了收入和財富上的嚴重不均。在倫敦金融城豐厚海外收入的背后,英國卻持續遭遇國際收支赤字——這一點意味著這個國家入不敷出。

For the moment, Britain is a relatively safe haven, with rich Europeans buying up boltholes in London. But the authors are right that serious problems remain—even if the title of this book somewhat overstates the case.

在當下,英國仍然是一個相對安全的避風港——很多富有的歐洲人在倫敦買房作避風之用。即使這本書的標題在一定程度上夸大了現實,兩位作者指出英國依舊存在的嚴重問題這點是正確的。

重點單詞   查看全部解釋    
decline [di'klain]

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n. 衰微,跌落; 晚年
v. 降低,婉謝

 
current ['kʌrənt]

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n. (水、氣、電)流,趨勢
adj. 流通的

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blame [bleim]

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n. 過失,責備
vt. 把 ... 歸咎于,

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community [kə'mju:niti]

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n. 社區,社會,團體,共同體,公眾,[生]群落

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temporary ['tempərəri]

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adj. 暫時的,臨時的
n. 臨時工

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global ['gləubəl]

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adj. 全球性的,全世界的,球狀的,全局的

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status ['steitəs]

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n. 地位,身份,情形,狀況

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imminent ['iminənt]

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adj. 逼近的,即將發生的

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previous ['pri:vjəs]

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adj. 在 ... 之前,先,前,以前的

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definition [.defi'niʃən]

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n. 定義,闡釋,清晰度

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