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Other parents fret about thimerosal, a preservative that contains trace amounts of mercury. Not only were these amounts minute and safe, but thimerasol has now been eliminated from all vaccines, with the exception of multi-dose flu shots. Often these parental conversations then turn into new-agey free-for-alls, where vaccines somehow join the list of conventionally grown avocados and unfiltered tap water as lethal menaces.
還有些父母對(duì)含有少量汞的防腐物質(zhì)硫柳汞心存憂慮。其實(shí)它在疫苗中的含量極少，對(duì)人體是安全的，現(xiàn)在，疫苗都不再含這種物質(zhì)——多次使用的流感疫苗除外。父母?jìng)儗?duì)孩子的這些關(guān)切常常成為所有人可以免費(fèi)獲得的新異類，疫苗不知怎么就像常見的成熟鱷梨或未經(jīng)過濾的自來水一樣成了威脅性命的玩藝。
Nonetheless the issue runs straight into the classic American tension between individual choice, which is good, and public health and safety, which is also good. All states save Mississippi and West Virginia allow a religious exemption for vaccinations, and 20 states also allow a more vague philosophical exemption. So what can health officials do?
然而，這個(gè)問題直接觸及到一個(gè)典型的美國(guó)選擇困境，一邊是個(gè)體選擇，另一邊是公共健康和安全，兩者都是好東西。除密西西比和西弗吉尼亞，其他各州在疫苗接種問題上準(zhǔn)許使用“宗教豁免”的規(guī)定，全國(guó)有20個(gè)州準(zhǔn)許使用更為模糊的“哲學(xué)豁免”規(guī)定，那么健康辦公室又能做些什么呢？
Principally they can try to educate more parents with good science rather than internet drivel. Mr Pan is also pushing a law through California’s legislature that would require parents to discuss vaccination with their paediatricians. If the parents still want to opt out, their doctors would have to sign a form to show that the parents were told about all the risks and benefits.
首先，他們可以用好的科學(xué)來教育更多的家長(zhǎng)們，不讓因特網(wǎng)上的謠傳肆意流傳。潘先生正在通過加州立法機(jī)關(guān)推行一部新的法律，該法要求父母?jìng)円c兒科醫(yī)生討論接種的問題。經(jīng)過討論，如果父母仍舊希望放棄接種，醫(yī)生將需簽署一個(gè)表格，以表明這些父母?jìng)円驯桓嬷臃N疫苗所有的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和好處。
John Talarico, the chief of immunisation in California’s public-health department, says that vaccination rates will probably keep dropping in some demographic groups for a while longer. The root problem is that today’s parents are the first in history with no memory of the maiming and killing caused by polio, tetanus, diphtheria or measles. At some point an epidemic will remind them.
加州公共健康部免疫主任約翰-塔拉里克表示，在一個(gè)稍長(zhǎng)的時(shí)期內(nèi)，一些區(qū)域的疫苗接種率也許仍然呈現(xiàn)出下降的態(tài)勢(shì)。根本問題在于，這一代父母?jìng)儾恢兰顾杌屹|(zhì)炎、破傷風(fēng)、白喉、麻疹對(duì)人類的戕害，在歷史上這是第一次。也許在某個(gè)時(shí)候，一種傳染病會(huì)提醒他們一下。
