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清明，農(nóng)歷二十四節(jié)氣之一。中國傳統(tǒng)的清明節(jié)大約始于周代，距今已有二千五百多年的歷史。清明作為節(jié)日，與純粹的節(jié)氣又有所不同。節(jié)氣是我國物候變化、時令順序的標志，而節(jié)日則包含著一定的風俗活動和某種紀念意義。
清明節(jié)也是最重要的祭祀節(jié)日，是祭祖和掃墓的日子。掃墓俗稱上墳，祭祀死者的一種活動。漢族和一些少數(shù)民族大多都是在清明節(jié)掃墓。按照舊的習(xí)俗，掃墓時，人們要攜帶酒食果品、紙錢等物品到墓地，將食物供祭在親人墓前，再將紙錢焚化，為墳?zāi)古嗌闲峦粒蹘字δ劬G的新枝插在墳上，然后叩頭行禮祭拜，最后吃掉酒食回家。唐代詩人杜牧的詩《清明》曰：“清明時節(jié)雨紛紛，路上行人欲斷魂。借問酒家何處有？牧童遙指杏花村。”寫出了清明節(jié)的特殊氣氛。
清明節(jié)還叫踏青節(jié)，按陽歷來說，它是在每年的4月4日至6日之間，正是春光明媚草木吐綠的時節(jié)，也正是人們春游（古代叫踏青）的好時候，所以古人有清明踏青，并開展一系列體育活動的的習(xí)俗。在古時，還有一種說法，就是“三月節(jié)”。
Qingming, meaning clear and bright, is one of the 24 solar terms in China. The 24 solar terms represent the weather changes in a year. Peasants plan their farming work according to this schedule. Qingming usually occurs in early April of each year.
This year, the Qingming Festival falls on April 5, according to the solar calendar. To Chinese people, the Qingming Festival is an opportunity to remember and honor their ancestors at grave sites. In the traditional way, young and old pray before the ancestors, sweep the tombs and present food, tea, wine, joss paper and other offerings. Usually, the cemeteries are located at the outskirts of the city or town and the whole family will travel to the site and burn paper offerings there.
People believe their ancestors will see the smoke from the burning paper from heaven then they'll hear their prayers.
Tradition is one thing, but on the other hand, the smoke does pollute the air; people pouring out to the cemeteries causes traffic jams; and the paper burning can cause fires.
Therefore, in recent years, the idea of greening tomb sweeping day has emerged.
One of the most popular ideas is online cemeteries. Many big cemeteries have opened a virtual version online. Visitors log onto the Web site and follow the 3D map to find the tombs of their late relatives. Then they can clean the tomb, put flowers in front of it or even burn joss paper and light firecrackers all by a click of different buttons. They can also write a biography or some articles on the Internet to express their memories of family members who've passed away.
Ms. Qian is from Wuhan, capital of Hubei Province in Central China. Because of a busy work schedule, she has given up going to the cemetery with her family but has chosen to remember her late elders on the Internet.
"I don't have the time to really go to the tomb site. But still, I need to express my feelings. So the online cemetery is a convenient way for me. And on the other hand, the government also encourages us to practice a green tomb sweeping way."
Many young people like Ms. Qian have accepted this avant-garde idea. They think it is a good way to avoid the crowds, and believe true feelings of love and respect toward late family members are more important than how you commemorate them. However, the elder generation still thinks that going to the site in person and cleaning the tomb by hand is the best way to show your respect and love to the ancestors. In this case, other green tomb sweeping traditions are easier to accept.
This year, many cemeteries have set up stands at the gate. They've prepared free flowers for visitors to exchange for the joss paper and firecrackers they've brought.
"We prepared joss paper before we came. But when I saw these beautiful flowers, I decided to change the paper for flowers. Flowers may be a better way to express our grief and how much we miss them. And on the other hand, society calls for greener ways of tomb sweeping, to decrease pollution."
"Lighting firecrackers and burning joss paper damages the environment and can also cause fires easily. Flowers are much better."
Besides flowers, planting a tree instead of building a tomb is another offering that is being accepted by a growing number of people. It saves land and at the same time improves the environment.
How will you choose to honor your ancestors on Tomb Sweeping Day?
